“…In this system, lead oxide plays the role of glass former or glass modifier, influencing strongly the structure and optical properties of rare earth ions, which depends on PbO content in the borate glass matrix. Moreover, the introduction of PbF 2 to lead borate glass [6,7] as well as other glass matrices [8][9][10] significantly enhanced luminescence of Ln 3 + ions. The experimental results obtained for Ln-doped glasses modified by PbF 2 are well documented.…”