Role of Peroxisomes as a Source of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Signaling Molecules

Sandalio, Luisa M.; Rodríguez‐Serrano, María; Romero‐Puertas, María C.; Rı́o, Luis A. del

doi:10.1007/978-94-007-6889-5_13

Cited by 142 publications

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“…The pex11a line showed higher levels of lipid peroxidation content and lower expression of genes involved in antioxidative defenses and signaling, suggesting that these extensions are involved in regulating ROS accumulation and ROSdependent gene expression in response to stress. Our results demonstrate that PEX11a and peroxule formation play a key role in regulating stress perception and fast cell responses to environmental cues.Peroxisomes are highly versatile organelles that adapt to changes in their cellular environment through morphological and metabolic adjustments (Hu et al, 2012;Sandalio et al, 2013). Plant peroxisomes perform essential functions such as photorespiration and fatty acid b-oxidation, ureide, and phytohormone (auxin and jasmonic acid) metabolisms, and also act as a source of signal molecules such as reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS; Sandalio and RomeroPuertas, 2015).…”

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confidence: 99%

“…Peroxisomes are highly versatile organelles that adapt to changes in their cellular environment through morphological and metabolic adjustments (Hu et al, 2012;Sandalio et al, 2013). Plant peroxisomes perform essential functions such as photorespiration and fatty acid b-oxidation, ureide, and phytohormone (auxin and jasmonic acid) metabolisms, and also act as a source of signal molecules such as reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS; Sandalio and RomeroPuertas, 2015).…”

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confidence: 99%

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Peroxisomes Extend Peroxules in a Fast Response to Stress via a Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Induction of the Peroxin PEX11a

et al. 2016

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Peroxisomes are highly dynamic and metabolically active organelles that play an important role in cellular functions, including reactive oxygen species (ROS) metabolism. Peroxisomal dynamics, such as the proliferation, movement, and production of dynamic extensions called peroxules, have been associated with ROS in plant cells. However, the function and regulation of peroxules are largely unknown. Using confocal microscopy, we have shown that treatment of Arabidopsis leaves with the heavy metal cadmium produces time course-dependent changes in peroxisomal dynamics, starting with peroxule formation, followed by peroxisome proliferation, and finally returning to the normal morphology and number. These changes during Cd treatment were regulated by NADPH oxidase (C and F)-related ROS production. Peroxule formation is a general response to stimuli such as arsenic and is regulated by peroxin 11a (PEX11a), as Arabidopsis pex11a RNA i lines are unable to produce peroxules under stress conditions. The pex11a line showed higher levels of lipid peroxidation content and lower expression of genes involved in antioxidative defenses and signaling, suggesting that these extensions are involved in regulating ROS accumulation and ROSdependent gene expression in response to stress. Our results demonstrate that PEX11a and peroxule formation play a key role in regulating stress perception and fast cell responses to environmental cues.Peroxisomes are highly versatile organelles that adapt to changes in their cellular environment through morphological and metabolic adjustments (Hu et al., 2012;Sandalio et al., 2013). Plant peroxisomes perform essential functions such as photorespiration and fatty acid b-oxidation, ureide, and phytohormone (auxin and jasmonic acid) metabolisms, and also act as a source of signal molecules such as reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (ROS and RNS; Sandalio and RomeroPuertas, 2015). Peroxisomes contain a large battery of antioxidants to control ROS and RNS accumulation (Sandalio and Romero-Puertas, 2015). These organelles proliferate in response to environmental cues through a complex process involving elongation, constriction, and fission (Hu et al., 2012;Baker and Paudyal, 2014). Deciphering the signaling pathways governing the regulation of peroxisome proliferation under different environmental and metabolic conditions presents a major challenge in this field of research. Before peroxisomal division, organelle elongation occurs in a process regulated by peroxins 11 (PEX11), with the final division requiring dynamin-like or dynamin-related proteins and fission proteins (Hu et al., 2012, Schrader et al., 2012. There is evidence to suggest that ROS are involved in regulating peroxisome proliferation, as some peroxisomal biogenesis genes (PEX) are transcriptionally regulated by H 2 O 2 in both plant and animal cells (López-Huertas et al., 2000). The formation of peroxisomal extensions, known as peroxules, has also been observed to be regulated by exogenous applications of H 2 O 2 (Sinclair et al., 2009;Ba...

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Peroxisomes Extend Peroxules in a Fast Response to Stress via a Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Induction of the Peroxin PEX11a

et al. 2016

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“…H 2 O 2 is indirect indicator of the free radical ·O 2¯. [16,17]. Thus, we determined production of H 2 O 2 as an indication of ROS formation in plasma of macaque after simulated weightlessness.…”

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confidence: 99%

Effects of Long-Term Simulated Microgravity on Oxidant and Antioxidant Values in the Plasma and Lung Tissues of Rhesus Macaque

Chen¹,

Xu²,

Wang³

et al. 2017

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Abstract. This study evaluated the influence of long-term simulated microgravity on oxidative stress and total antioxidant capacity in the plasma and lung tissues of rhesus macaque (-10°C head-down tilting). Fifteen healthy male rhesus macaques were randomly divided into groups 1 (control, n=5), groups 2 (head-down tilting for 6 weeks, n=5) and groups 3 (head-down tilting for 6 weeks and recover from 4 weeks, n=5). Oxidative stress was evaluated by critical SOD, GSH, H 2 O 2 in plasma and SOD, GSH in lung tissues. HE staining was used to observe the histopathological structure changes of pulmonary tissues. CAT, SOD1, SOD2, SOD3, GPX1, GPX4, GPX7, PRDX1, HMOX1, ALOX5 and DUOX1 mRNA were measured by real-time PCR. GSH concentration was significantly decreased, whereas H 2 O 2 level was significantly increased in group 2 compared with group 1 and group 3. Compared to group 1, histopathological examination revealed alveolar septal thickening, and alveolar and interstitial lymphocytic infiltration in group 2 and group 3 and the pathological changes in group 3 were smaller than those in group 2. Group 2 and group 3 showed significant up-regulation of SOD3 gene compared with group 1 by real-time PCR. In a long-term simulated microgravity environment, systemic antioxidant level of GSH was reduced but an oxidative stress marker of H 2 O 2 was increased. Meanwhile, long-term simulated microgravity caused lung injury and induced the mRNA of SOD3 expression in lung tissues. But oxidant stress is not a major factor involved in the development of lung damage under simulated microgravity. Further study still clarifies the mechanism about the lung injury under microgravity.

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“…The main ROS currently known are free oxygen radical such as superoxide radicals (O2-), hydroxyl free radical (OH) and H 2 O 2 . H 2 O 2 is indirect indicator of the free radical O2- [18,19]. Thus, we determined production of H 2 O 2 as an indication of ROS formation in plasma of macaque after simulated weightlessness.…”

Section: Simulated Weightlessness Inducing H 2 O 2 Production In Plasmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Long-Term Simulated Microgravity on Oxidant and Antioxidant Values in the Plasma and Lung Tissues of Rhesus Macaque

Yang¹

2017

AJLM

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This study evaluated the influence of long-term simulated microgravity on oxidative stress and total antioxidant capacity in the plasma and lung tissues of rhesus macaque (-10℃ head-down tilting). Fifteen healthy male rhesus macaques were randomly divided into groups 1 (control, n=5), groups 2 (head-down tilting for 6 weeks, n=5) and groups 3 (head-down tilting for 6 weeks and recover from 4 weeks, n=5). Oxidative stress was evaluated by critical SOD, GSH, H 2 O 2 in plasma and SOD, GSH in lung tissues. HE staining was used to observe the histopathological structure changes of pulmonary tissues. CAT, SOD1, SOD2, SOD3, GPX1, GPX4, GPX7, PRDX1, HMOX1, ALOX5 and DUOX1 mRNA were measured by real-time PCR. GSH concentration was significantly decreased, whereas H 2 O 2 level was significantly increased in group 2 compared with group 1 and group 3. Compared to group 1, histopathological examination revealed alveolar septal thickening, and alveolar and interstitial lymphocytic infiltration in group 2 and group 3 and the pathological changes in group 3 were smaller than those in group 2. Group 2 and group 3 showed significant up-regulation of SOD3 gene compared with group 1 by real-time PCR. In a long-term simulated microgravity environment, systemic antioxidant level of GSH was reduced but an oxidative stress marker of H 2 O 2 was increased. Meanwhile, long-term simulated microgravity caused lung injury and induced the mRNA of SOD3 expression in lung tissues. But oxidant stress is not a major factor involved in the development of lung damage under simulated microgravity. Further study still clarifies the mechanism about the lung injury under microgravity.

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Role of Peroxisomes as a Source of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) Signaling Molecules

Cited by 142 publications

References 111 publications

Peroxisomes Extend Peroxules in a Fast Response to Stress via a Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Induction of the Peroxin PEX11a

Peroxisomes Extend Peroxules in a Fast Response to Stress via a Reactive Oxygen Species-Mediated Induction of the Peroxin PEX11a

Effects of Long-Term Simulated Microgravity on Oxidant and Antioxidant Values in the Plasma and Lung Tissues of Rhesus Macaque

Effects of Long-Term Simulated Microgravity on Oxidant and Antioxidant Values in the Plasma and Lung Tissues of Rhesus Macaque

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