Role of polymeric composite in civil engineering applications: a review

Afzal, Anam; Kausar, Ayesha; Siddiq, Muhammad

doi:10.1080/25740881.2020.1719141

Cited by 19 publications

(10 citation statements)

References 123 publications

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“…The fact of crystallinity levels being unaffected at high loadings of graphite can be explained by its agglomeration. For graphite, the critical factor causing polymer chain separation is the lamellar structure of graphite [47].…”

Section: Dsc Analysis (Determination Of Phase Transitions)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphite Modified Polylactide (PLA) for 3D Printed (FDM/FFF) Sliding Elements

et al. 2020

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With the development of 3D printing technology, there is a need to produce printable materials with improved properties, e.g., sliding properties. In this paper, the authors present the possibilities of producing composites based on biodegradable PLA with the addition of graphite. The team created composites with the following graphite weight contents: 1%, 2.5%, 5%, 7.5%, and 10%. Neat material was also subjected to testing. Tribological, mechanical, and chemical properties of the mentioned materials were examined. Measurements were also made after keeping the samples in ageing and climatic ovens. Furthermore, SEM observations of samples before and after friction tests were carried out. It was demonstrated that increasing graphite content caused a significant decrease in wear (PLA + 10% graphite had a wear rate three times lower than for a neat material). The addition of graphite did not adversely affect most of the other properties, but it ought to be noted that mechanical properties changed significantly. After conditioning in a climatic oven PLA + 10% graphite has (in comparison with neat material) 11% lower fracture stress, 47% lower impact strength, and 21% higher Young’s modulus. It can be certainly stated that the addition of graphite to PLA is a step towards obtaining a material that is low-cost and suitable for printing sliding spare parts.

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Section: Dsc Analysis (Determination Of Phase Transitions)mentioning

confidence: 99%

Graphite Modified Polylactide (PLA) for 3D Printed (FDM/FFF) Sliding Elements

et al. 2020

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin (CF/EP) composites have the advantages of light weight, excellent mechanical properties, and good corrosion resistance, which are widely used in aerospace, automotive, sports and other industries. [1][2][3][4] CF/EP composites have a wide application base and development prospects. Nonetheless, composites laminate are usually ply by ply and lack of fiber reinforcement in the thickness direction, relying solely on resin bonding and load transfer, delamination damage is prone to be occurred under impact loading condition.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Interlaminar fracture toughness of carbon/epoxy composites laminates toughened by short carbon fiber

et al. 2023

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In this paper, short carbon fiber (SCF) interlaminar toughened carbon fiber reinforced epoxy resin (CF/EP) composite laminates were prepared. The effect of SCF content on the mode II interlaminar fracture toughness (GIIC) and flexural properties of CF/EP composites was investigated. It was shown that the addition of SCF between the plies had an effect on the GIIC of the composites. When the SCF content was 10 g/m2, the GIIC increased from 1506.62 J/m2 to 1995.6 J/m2, which improved by about 32.46%. When the content of SCF was 5 g/m2, the flexural strength and flexural modulus increased by 36.92% and 98.48%, respectively, showing the best performance. The toughening mechanism of SCF was observed by SEM images as SCF debonding and pulling out from the resin and SCF fracture. The present study was also compared with our previous study on short aramid fiber interlaminar toughened CF/EP composites, and the test data and SEM images of the two experiments were compared to analyze the effect of different short fibers on the interlaminar toughening effect, which provides some reference for the selection of interlaminar toughening materials.

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“…For the adhesive, it is mainly used to strengthen and repair the structures through the interface bonding between the base material (such as steel and concrete components) and reinforcement materials (such as FRP) [ 9 , 10 , 11 , 12 ]. The polymer with high toughness, strength, durability and fatigue resistance is significant for material design and engineering application [ 13 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparative Study of Durability Behaviors of Thermoplastic Polypropylene and Thermosetting Epoxy Exposed to Elevated Temperature, Water Immersion and Sustained Bending Loading

Zhou

Tian

et al. 2022

Polymers

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The long-term degradation of epoxy as the matrix and adhesive serviced in harsh environments plays a key role in engineering applications. Understanding how to improve the toughness and durability of epoxy through reasonable material replacement and design is significant to prolong the service life of engineering structures. In the present paper, thermoplastic polypropylene and thermosetting epoxy were exposed in a coupling environment of elevated temperature, water immersion and sustained bending loading. The evolutions of mechanical and thermal properties were further analyzed and compared. Long-term life prediction was conducted to evaluate the corrosive resistances of polypropylene and epoxy. It can be found that polypropylene has better hydrophobic behavior compared to epoxy. At 80 °C, the ratios of the diffusion coefficient and saturated water uptake between the two matrices were 114.4 and 2.94. At the longest immersion time of 90 days, the degradation percentages of tensile strength were 4.7% (40 °C), 7.5% (60 °C) and 8.8% (80 °C), respectively, which had the higher strength retention (>90%). The maximum strength increase in the multiples of polypropylene/epoxy and polypropylene/polyurethane was 1.95 and 1.75, respectively. The bending loading led to a maximum increase in tensile strength (~1.47%) owing to the oxygen isolation effect. The degradation mechanism was attributed to the active functional groups from the production process reacting with oxygen, resulting in the fracture of the local chain segment. By comparison, water molecules reacted with the hydroxyl groups or interrupted the intermolecular Van der Waals force/hydrogen bond of the epoxy, resulting in irreversible hydrolysis and property degradation. Through the comparison, it can be found that polypropylene and its composites have outstanding properties compared to epoxy, which can make them achieve great application prospects in engineering applications when considering a complex service environment.

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Role of polymeric composite in civil engineering applications: a review

Cited by 19 publications

References 123 publications

Graphite Modified Polylactide (PLA) for 3D Printed (FDM/FFF) Sliding Elements

Graphite Modified Polylactide (PLA) for 3D Printed (FDM/FFF) Sliding Elements

Interlaminar fracture toughness of carbon/epoxy composites laminates toughened by short carbon fiber

Comparative Study of Durability Behaviors of Thermoplastic Polypropylene and Thermosetting Epoxy Exposed to Elevated Temperature, Water Immersion and Sustained Bending Loading

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