2014
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1402202111
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Role of projection in the control of bird flocks

Abstract: Swarming is a conspicuous behavioral trait observed in bird flocks, fish shoals, insect swarms, and mammal herds. It is thought to improve collective awareness and offer protection from predators. Many current models involve the hypothesis that information coordinating motion is exchanged among neighbors. We argue that such local interactions alone are insufficient to explain the organization of large flocks of birds and that the mechanism for the exchange of long-range information necessary to control their d… Show more

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Cited by 152 publications
(135 citation statements)
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“…per ml) and the presence or absence of circular mills (1 and 0, respectively); green circles: data, black line: predicted probabilities from the fitted binary logistic regression model log( p/(1 2 p)) ÂŒ 24.126 ĂŸ 0.053x, where p is the probability of milling and x is worm density. The model predicts that with every additional worm per ml, the probability of milling increases on average by 5% (95% CI: 3 -8%) and that at density above 78 worms ml 21 In contrast to other organisms, such as starlings [28,29], that show collective group movements, these worms may only be able to detect one another at very short distances and hence our simulations of potentially interacting worms are based only on relatively local interactions between the worms. These simulations replicate the circular milling seen among the real worms at relatively high densities (figure 3b,c).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…per ml) and the presence or absence of circular mills (1 and 0, respectively); green circles: data, black line: predicted probabilities from the fitted binary logistic regression model log( p/(1 2 p)) ÂŒ 24.126 ĂŸ 0.053x, where p is the probability of milling and x is worm density. The model predicts that with every additional worm per ml, the probability of milling increases on average by 5% (95% CI: 3 -8%) and that at density above 78 worms ml 21 In contrast to other organisms, such as starlings [28,29], that show collective group movements, these worms may only be able to detect one another at very short distances and hence our simulations of potentially interacting worms are based only on relatively local interactions between the worms. These simulations replicate the circular milling seen among the real worms at relatively high densities (figure 3b,c).…”
Section: Discussionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…For example, birds' vision is likely to span the entire size of a flock. It is worth noticing that, despite the short-range consensus, it has been recently proposed that a long-range interaction is at the basis of flocking behavior [19]. Hence, the notion that short-range interaction rules collective behavior, albeit reasonable, is still far from being an established fact, even in those system that have been most studied experimentally.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…In [15][16][17][18][19], the introduction of a limited angle of vision was shown to have an influence on the shape of cohesive moving groups, on the degree of ordering, etc. Asymmetric interactions are also present in 'metric-free' models introduced in the context of bird flocks [11][12][13][14].…”
mentioning
confidence: 99%