Role of reninangiotensin system in cardiopulmonary bypass hypertension

Townsend, G. E.; Wynands, J. Earl; Whalley, David G.; Wong, Ping; Bevan, David R.

doi:10.1007/bf03015254

Cited by 14 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 21 publications

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“…This explanation is consistent with the known properties of T antigen. This hypothesis might also apply to another nuclear protein (influenza virus nucleoprotein) that, like SV40 T antigen, lacks hydrophobic signal sequences and yet is expressed in small amounts on the surface of cells which express the NP gene (Townsend and Skehel, 1984;. Like SV40 T antigen, NP is a nucleic acid-binding protein.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

SV40 T antigen and the exocytotic pathway.

Sharma¹,

Rodgers²,

Brandsma³

et al. 1985

The EMBO Journal

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A chimeric gene consisting of DNA coding for the 15‐amino acid signal peptide of influenza virus hemagglutinin and the C‐terminal 694 amino acids of SV40 large T antigen was inserted into a bovine papilloma virus (BPV) expression vector and introduced into NIH‐3T3 cells. Cell lines were obtained that express high levels (approximately 5 X 10(6) molecules/cell) of the chimeric protein (HA‐T antigen). The biochemical properties and intracellular localization of HA‐T antigens were compared with those of wild‐type T antigen. Wild‐type T antigen. Wild‐type T antigen is located chiefly in the cell nucleus, although a small fraction is detected on the cell surface. By contrast, HA‐T antigen is found exclusively in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). During biosynthesis, HA‐T antigen is co‐translationally translocated across the membrane of the ER, the signal peptide is cleaved and a mannose‐rich oligosaccharide is attached to the polypeptide (T antigen contains one potential N‐linked glycosylation site at Asn154). HA‐T antigen does not become terminally glycosylated or acylated and little or none reaches the cell surface. These results suggest that T antigen is incapable of being transported along the exocytotic pathway. To explain the presence of wild‐type T antigen on the surface of SV40‐transformed cells, an alternative route is proposed involving transport of T antigen from the nucleus to the cell surface.

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mentioning

confidence: 99%

SV40 T antigen and the exocytotic pathway.

Sharma¹,

Rodgers²,

Brandsma³

et al. 1985

The EMBO Journal

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“…Some studies did not show increased PRA, angiotensin II or aldosterone levels whether the patients developed hypertension or not. 10,11 Semmekrot et al . showed low levels of renin and aldosterone in neonates with meconium aspiration syndrome on ECMO.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Further, the renal renin angiotensin system, renal impairment, high bypass flow and the physiological effects of dampening or absence of pulsatility of bypass flow on renal function may all have an impact on hypertension. 8,9 It is controversial whether high renin activity causes hypertension 10,11 on bypass, and some studies suggest that high blood pressure is determined by the bypass flow rather than renin activity. 12 The physiological nature of pulsatile flow and its role in maintaining renal function has been extensively investigated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Comparison of the effect of venovenous versus venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation on renal blood flow in newborn lambs

et al. 2004

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VV and VA ECMO at partial bypass flows had comparable effect on blood pressure, renal blood flow and PRA level in this short-term study. However, unclamping of the ECMO bridges did differentially affect blood pressure and renal blood flow between VV and VA groups. We speculate that this repeated acute change in long-run VA ECMO support may play a role in the persistent hypertension seen in some patients.

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“…For example, during open-heart surgery the levels of circulating catecholamines are elevated, causing an increase in systemic vascular resistance [1,2]. Under these circumstances the levels ofrenin, angiotensin II [3], and vasopressin [4,5] are increased as well. It has also been reported that platelets are activated during cardiopulmonary bypass due to suction [6], blood-gas interaction in the oxygenator [7], and contact of blood…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Serotonin and acute cardiovascular disorders

Reneman

Starre

1990

Cardiovasc Drug Ther

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In this survey the possible role of serotonin in such acute disorders as systemic and pulmonary hypertension following cardiac surgery is discussed. Although platelets are activated during cardiopulmonary bypass, the increase in serotonin plasma levels is limited because the serotonin released is taken up by normal platelets and endothelial cells. This does not imply that serotonin is not involved in the origin of systemic hypertension during and after cardiac surgery, because subthreshold or threshold doses of this amine amplify the vasoconstrictive effect of, for example, epinephrine and norepinephrine, the levels of which are significantly elevated under these circumstances. That serotonin plays a role through its amplifying effect is supported by the finding that ketanserin, a specific S2-serotonergic receptor antagonist with alpha 1-adrenergic receptor blocking properties, effectively lowers arterial blood pressure in patients with systemic postoperative hypertension by combined blockade of these receptors. The compound is also effective in the treatment of pulmonary hypertension after valve replacement, indicating that serotonin plays a role in the origin of this disorder. This idea is supported by the experimental finding that serotonin induces pulmonary hypertension. It is an interesting observation that, unlike such compounds as nitroprusside, ketanserin does not affect intrapulmonary shunting in patients with systemic hypertension and even reduces the intrapulmonary shunt fraction in patients with pulmonary hypertension. These findings indicate that this compound dilates the resistance vessels in well-ventilated, but not in poorly ventilated areas, and may dilate constricted bronchi.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)

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Role of reninangiotensin system in cardiopulmonary bypass hypertension

Abstract: Role of reninangiotensin system in cardiopulmonary bypass hypertension

Cited by 14 publications

References 21 publications

SV40 T antigen and the exocytotic pathway.

SV40 T antigen and the exocytotic pathway.

Comparison of the effect of venovenous versus venoarterial extracorporeal membrane oxygenation on renal blood flow in newborn lambs

Serotonin and acute cardiovascular disorders

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