Role of severe plastic deformation on the formation of nanograins and nano-sized precipitates in Fe–Ni–Mn steel

A new 1.9GPa maraging stainless steel strengthened by multiple precipitating species

“…Heavy precipitation at grain boundaries and intragranular phase separation promote cleavage fracture. The former would serve as the crack initiation sites, and the latter would decrease the dislocation mobility [21,37]. The R′ film present at the lath boundaries might act as nuclei for void formation to decrease ductility of the steel.…”

A Significant Improvement in the Mechanical Properties of AISI 304 Stainless Steel by a Combined RCSR and Annealing Process

“…The volume fraction of deformation-induced martensite depends on different parameters, such as the applied strain, temperature, [13] initial grain size, [9,14] as well as applied stress state, and strain rate. Various techniques, such as equal channel angular pressing (ECAP), [25][26][27][28][29] high pressure torsion (HPT), [30,31] accumulative roll-bonding (ARB), [32,33] constrained groove pressing (CGP), [34] constrained groove rolling (CGR), [35] and repetitive corrugation and strengthening (RCS) [36][37][38] have been well developed. [17][18][19] Because of low SFE of AISI 304 steel (21 mJ m À2 ), [20,21] deformation bands including mechanical twins and e-martensite (hcp) are produced, which results from overlapping of stacking faults in each second {111} g plane.…”

Mechanical properties and microstructural evolution during multi-pass ECAR of Al 1100–O alloy

“…Severe plastic deformation (SPD) approaches have been widely used for the strength enhancement of metals due to the microstructure refinement and homogenization [7,8]. The processes usually used in SPD are equal channel angular extrusion/pressing [7,8] (ECAE/P), high pressure torsion [9] and accumulated roll bonding [10].…”

“…The processes usually used in SPD are equal channel angular extrusion/pressing [7,8] (ECAE/P), high pressure torsion [9] and accumulated roll bonding [10]. Nowadays, ECAP is the most developed SPD method for fabrication of UFG materials.…”

“…Nowadays, ECAP is the most developed SPD method for fabrication of UFG materials. The application of ECAP leads to significant grain refinement into the sub-micrometer or nanometer level [7,11]. However, the attained microstructures by ECAP are generally similar to a cellular type with high-angle grain boundary (HAGB) and a high dislocation density [12,13].…”