Role of silis in esophageal cancer

Abstract

Association of silica with diseases like cancers has been determined previously. This study was designed to determine the quantity of silis in flour produced in Golestan Province, and its relation to esophageal cancer (EC). We took flour samples from all flour millings in Golestan Province. Base-melting method in nickel cruise was used at 550℃. The extract was reduced with acids. Different silis concentrations in various regions were compared. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The median silis concentration was 0.0030 g, the mean silis concentration was 0.008760 ± 0.004265 g in each 100 g flour. The difference of mean silis concentrations in various regions was not significant. No high level of silica was found in the flour of Golestan Province. We could not find any significant difference in various areas between silica contaminations. Studies on the consumed bread and rice in various regions of Golestan Province can be helpful.

Oesophageal cancer in Golestan Province, a high-incidence area in northern Iran – A review

“…46 In a recent study on flour samples collected from all wheat mills in Golestan, morphology of the possible contaminants was not investigated, but silica concentration in the samples was not higher than the reference ranges. 48 The above potential change during the past few decades may be related to disposing of traditional milling methods or the fading of contaminating seeds in Golestan farms.…”

Quality of drinking water and high incidence rate of esophageal cancer in Golestan province of Iran: a probable link

“…Among the better known factors are the following: tobacco and opium consumption (Brown et al 2001;Tuyns 1983), low intake of fresh fruits and vegetables (Yang et al 2005;Tzonou et al 1996), poor socioeconomic living conditions (Hill 1997;Gammon et al 1997), selenium, zinc, molybdenum, manganese and magnesium deficiency (Chen et al 1992;Jaskiewicz et al 1988), total hardness of drinking water (Yang et al 1999), and high nitrate concentration in drinking water (Barrett et al 1998). Previous studies in Golestan province of Iran suggest poor socioeconomic conditions (Kamangar et al 2007), opium consumption , drinking hot tea (Islami et al 2009a), and silica contamination of flour (Jabbari et al 2008) as possible risk factors for EC. Among this long list of probable causes of high incidence rate of EC, anomalous concentration of certain ions and elements in the drinking water is noticeable.…”

Cyanobacterial Potential for Restoration of Loess Surfaces through Artificially Induced Biocrusts

“…For more than a decade, a relationship between the distribution of loess/loess-like deposits and esophageal cancer has been adduced [24]. According to Jabbari et al [25], long-term ingestion of silica particles leads to an increased risk of esophageal cancer.…”