Role of some microbes and fungal species to treat different infections caused by other microorganisms

Abstract

Microbes are infectious agents that are invisible to the naked eye and are found all over the world. Some of them cause sickness in humans. Bacteria, fungi, viruses, prions, and protozoa are the different types. Microscopic parasites are also included. The microbiology laboratory’s diagnosis of infection serves two major purposes: clinical and epidemiological. Antibiotics function by reducing the growth of the infecting organism and are used to treat infectious diseases both therapeutically and prophylactically. Some are ‘broad spectrum,’ which means they function against a wide range of pathogenic bacteria, while others are more specific. Despite a large number of antibiotics available, many infecting and disease-causing bacteria remain resistant to them. Many diseases of the developing world fall into this group. Evidence for a protective effect Treatment of normal animals with antibiotics reduces or removes their commensal bacteria and this allows pathogens to infect mucous surfaces more easily. In humans, after treatment with antibiotics for various diseases, secondary infections arise, e.g. oral and vaginal thrush due to Candida albicans, pseudomembranous colitis due to Clostridium difficile, and nasal infections with Staphylococcus aureus.