Role of Sphingolipids in Microbial Pathogenesis

Heung, Lena J.; Luberto, Chiara; Poeta, Maurizio Del

doi:10.1128/iai.74.1.28-39.2006

Cited by 196 publications

(173 citation statements)

References 158 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

165

Contrasting

Unclassified

Order By: Relevance

“…Although synthesis of sphingolipids is highly conserved between mammalian and fungal cells, some structural differences and roles in pathogenesis allow for these molecules to be considered a good target for new drugs [9]. Sphingolipids are abundant components of membranes in eukaryotic cells, playing a variety of roles in fungal cells specifically, such as heat stress response, signal transduction, endocytosis and apoptosis [9][10][11][12]. Particularly, some sphingolipids play an important role in fungal pathogenesis, such as inositolphosphoryl ceramide (IPC) and glucosylceramide (GlcCer).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sphingolipids as Targets for Treatment of Fungal Infections

et al. 2016

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Invasive fungal infections have significantly increased in the last few decades. Three classes of drugs are commonly used to treat these infections: polyenes, azoles and echinocandins. Unfortunately each of these drugs has drawbacks; polyenes are toxic, resistance against azoles is emerging and echinocandins have narrow spectrum of activity. Thus, the development of new antifungals is urgently needed. In this context, fungal sphingolipids have emerged as a potential target for new antifungals, because their biosynthesis in fungi is structurally different than in mammals. Besides, some fungal sphingolipids play an important role in the regulation of virulence in a variety of fungi. This review aims to highlight the diverse strategies that could be used to block the synthesis or/and function of fungal sphingolipids.

show abstract

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Sphingolipids as Targets for Treatment of Fungal Infections

et al. 2016

Self Cite

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…Indeed, even 'non-classic' infectious agents require lipid rafts, as demonstrated by the requirement for the prion proteins which partition into rafts during the conversion of PrP c to infectious PrP sc (Simons & Ehehalt, 2002). Bacteria often favour lipid rafts during host-cell interactions (Heung et al, 2006),. Raft association may provide a platform for colonisation, through signalling, cytoskeleton rearrangements and membrane ruffling (Manes & Martinez, 2004).…”

Section: Defining a New Assay For Lipid Raft Formationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Glycosphingolipids in HIV/AIDS: The Potential Therapeutic Application

Lingwood¹,

Branch²

2011

Understanding HIV/AIDS Management and Care - Pandemic Approaches in the 21st Century

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

“…Transcriptional studies on symbiotic cnidarians exposed to elevated temperature or high irradiance stress indicate that symbiont removal mechanisms such as host apoptosis, innate immunity and exocytosis are upregulated (DeSalvo et al, 2008;Richier et al, 2006;Starcevic et al, 2010). Modulation of sphingolipids could underlie these changes through activation of phagosomal maturation (Heung et al, 2006) and cell death (Maceyka et al, 2002). The cnidarian sphingosine rheostat has been implicated in symbiosis maintenance (Hemond et al, 2014;Rodriguez-Lanetty et al, 2006), immunity and the HSR (Detournay and Weis, 2011).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Although there have been extensive studies on dysbiosis in a variety of corals and sea anemone model systems (reviewed by Weis, 2008), our understanding of the cellular events preceding symbiont loss is limited. Given that lipids are co-directors of phagocytosis (Heung et al, 2006;Steinberg and Grinstein, 2008), the mode by which Symbiodinium are acquired by hosts, dysbiosis could have significant impacts on lipid signaling, targeting and trafficking events.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The sphingosine rheostat is involved in the cnidarian heat stress response but not necessarily in bleaching

Kitchen

Weis

2017

Journal of Experimental Biology

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Sphingolipids play important roles in mitigating cellular heat and oxidative stress by altering membrane fluidity, receptor clustering and gene expression. Accumulation of signaling sphingolipids that comprise the sphingosine rheostat, pro-apoptotic sphingosine (Sph) and pro-survival sphingosine-1-phosphate (S1P) is key to determining cell fate. Reef-building corals and other symbiotic cnidarians living in shallow tropical waters can experience elevated seawater temperature and high UV irradiance, two stressors that are increasing in frequency and severity with climate change. In symbiotic cnidarians, these stressors disrupt the photosynthetic machinery of the endosymbiont and ultimately result in the collapse of the partnership (dysbiosis), known as cnidarian bleaching. In a previous study, exogenously applied sphingolipids altered heat-induced bleaching in the symbiotic anemone Aiptasia pallida, but endogenous regulation of these lipids is unknown. Here, we characterized the role of the rheostat in the cnidarian heat stress response (HSR) and in dysbiosis. Gene expression of rheostat enzymes sphingosine kinase (AP-SPHK) and S1P phosphatase (AP-SGPP), and concentrations of sphingolipids were quantified from anemones incubated at elevated temperatures. We observed a biphasic HSR in A. pallida. At early exposure, rheostat gene expression and lipid levels were suppressed while gene expression of a heat stress biomarker increased and 40% of symbionts were lost. After longer incubations at the highest temperature, AP-SGPP and then Sph levels both increased. These results indicate that the sphingosine rheostat in A. pallida does not participate in initiation of dysbiosis, but instead functions in the chronic response to prolonged heat stress that promotes host survival.

show abstract

Role of Sphingolipids in Microbial Pathogenesis

Cited by 196 publications

References 158 publications

Sphingolipids as Targets for Treatment of Fungal Infections

Sphingolipids as Targets for Treatment of Fungal Infections

Glycosphingolipids in HIV/AIDS: The Potential Therapeutic Application

The sphingosine rheostat is involved in the cnidarian heat stress response but not necessarily in bleaching

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About