Role of superoxide dismutases (SODs) in controlling oxidative stress in plants

Alscher, Ruth G.; Erturk, Neval; Heath, Lenwood S.

doi:10.1093/jxb/53.372.1331

Cited by 710 publications

(216 citation statements)

References 65 publications

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“…3A). SOD is a ubiquitous enzyme in aerobic organisms 22) and constitutes the first line of defense against ROS 42) by catalyzing the dismutation of O 2 Ϫ into O 2 and H 2 O 2 .…”

Section: Effects Of Ala Pretreatment On Antioxidative Enzyme Activitimentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism of growth amelioration of NaCl-stressed rice (Oryza sativa L.) by .DELTA.-aminolevulinic acid

2009

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The mechanism of growth amelioration of NaCl-stressed rice (Oryza sativa L. cv. Nipponbare) by d-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) was investigated. Rice growth recovered when plants were pretreated with 0.1 or 1 mM ALA before treatment with 50 mM NaCl. There was no increase in chlorophyll content by ALA treatment, indicating that the growth recovery was not due to increased chlorophyll content although ALA is a precursor of chlorophyll biosynthesis. The activities of antioxidative enzymes, including catalase (CAT), glutathione reductase (GR), ascorbate peroxidase (APx), and superoxide dismutase (SOD), increased with ALA treatment. In particular, stimulation of CAT, GR, and APx activities by ALA was significant. The hydrogen peroxide (H 2 O 2 ) content decreased after ALA treatment under NaCl-stress conditions. Peroxidation of membrane lipids, as measured by ethane evolution, also decreased after ALA treatment. These results suggest that ALA induces growth amelioration in NaCl-stressed rice by stimulating antioxidative enzyme activity, which resulted in decreased reactive oxygen generation and lipid peroxidation.

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“…3A). SOD is a ubiquitous enzyme in aerobic organisms 22) and constitutes the first line of defense against ROS 42) by catalyzing the dismutation of O 2 Ϫ into O 2 and H 2 O 2 .…”

Section: Effects Of Ala Pretreatment On Antioxidative Enzyme Activitimentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanism of growth amelioration of NaCl-stressed rice (Oryza sativa L.) by .DELTA.-aminolevulinic acid

2009

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“…that is generated by aerobic environments and aerobic metabolism, catalyzing conversion of O 2 . to hydrogen peroxide, H 2 O 2 , and thus protecting the organism from oxidative toxicity (45). N. crassa has two types of SODs, Cu,Zn-SOD and Mn-SOD.…”

Section: Light-inducible Carotenogenesis Ismentioning

confidence: 99%

Reactive Oxygen Species Affect Photomorphogenesis in Neurospora crassa

Yoshida

Hasunuma

2004

Journal of Biological Chemistry

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In Neurospora crassa, several biological phenomena such as the synthesis of carotenoids in the mycelia and polarity of perithecia are regulated by light. We found that a sod-1 mutant, with a defective Cu,Zn-type superoxide dismutase (SOD), showed accelerated lightdependent induction of carotenoid accumulation in the mycelia compared with the wild type. The initial rate of light-induced carotenoid accumulation in the sod-1 mutant was faster than that in the vvd mutant known to accumulate high concentrations. This acceleration was suppressed by treatment with antioxidant reagents. Light-induced transcription of genes involved in carotenoid synthesis, al-1, -2, and -3, was sustained in the sod-1 mutant, whereas it was transient in the wild type. Moreover sod-1 was defective in terms of light-induced polarity of perithecia. By genetic analysis, the enhancement in light-inducible carotenoid synthesis in sod-1 was dependent on the wild type alleles of wc-1 and wc-2. However, the sod-1;vvd double mutant showed additive effects on the carotenoid accumulation in the mycelia. These results suggested that intracellular reactive oxygen species regulated by SOD-1 could affect the lightsignal transduction pathway via WC proteins.Light is one of the most important environmental factors being utilized for various biological phenomena by living organisms (1, 2). Typical examples are the visual systems in animals, photosynthesis in plants, and photomorphogenesis in fungi. In Neurospora crassa, several biological phenomena are under the control of blue light. Light-induced processes are summarized as follows: (i) synthesis of carotenoids in the mycelia (3), (ii) induction of conidiation (3), (iii) formation of protoperithecia on nitrogen-deficient media (4), (vi) positive phototropism of perithecial beaks (5), (v) positioning of the beak formed on the perithecium (perithecial polarity) (6, 7), and (vi) phase shift in the circadian rhythm of conidiation (8, 9).Much information on photoreceptors and light-inducible genes has been accumulated by genetic and molecular biological analyses to understand the molecular mechanism of these photobiological phenomena. In the search for the blue light photoreceptor in N. crassa, light-insensitive mutants, white collar (wc)1 -1 and wc-2, deficient in most of these blue light responses, have been isolated (4, 10, 11). The products for these genes are photoreceptors that can activate transcription. Both possess a PAS (PER, ARNT, and SIM) domain, a zinc finger DNA binding motif, and a glutamine-rich putative transcription activation domain (12, 13). WC proteins form heterodimers presumably through their PAS domains (14, 15), having promoter binding activity of blue light-regulated genes in Neurospora crassa.In Arabidopsis thaliana, three major groups of photoreceptors, phytochromes (16), cryptochromes (17), and phototropins (18), have been identified. Phototropins have two LOV (light, oxygen, and voltage) domains, and bind FMN (flavin mononucleotide) as a chromophore (19). WC-1 also has one LOV do...

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“…Usually, plant responses to salt stress are associated with generation of reactive oxygen species (RoS) (2,12,31,34,35,41). however, redundant RoS cause membranes damage, ion and water leakage, and protein turnover in plant cells (6).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%