Role of temperature and nutrients on the growth and toxin production of Prorocentrum hoffmannianum (Dinophyceae) from the Florida Keys

Accoroni, Stefano; Ceci, Martina; Tartaglione, Luciana; Romagnoli, Tiziana; Campanelli, Alessandra; Marini, Mauro; Giulietti, Sonia; Dell’Aversano, Carmela; Totti, Cecilia

doi:10.1016/j.hal.2018.11.005

Cited by 16 publications

(14 citation statements)

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“…), that of P. hoffmannianum was 859.81 pg cell −1 of OA (Accoroni et al . ), that of P. caipirignum was 5.200 pg cell −1 of OA (Luo et al . ), 8.4 pg cell −1 in average of DTX1 was detected from P. foraminosum (regarded as P .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First report on okadaic acid production of a benthic dinoflagellate Prorocentrum cf. fukuyoi from Japan

Nishimura

Uchida

Suzuki

et al. 2019

Phycological Research

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The consumption of bivalves contaminated with diarrhetic shellfish toxins (DSTs) such as okadaic acid and dinophysistoxins has caused serious economic hardship to shellfish industries worldwide including Japan. Several benthic species of the genus Prorocentrum have been confirmed to produce DSTs. There have been no published studies of Japanese strains of Prorocentrum species that include a three-way characterization of morphological characteristics, molecular phylogenetic data, and toxin profiles. In the present study, a benthic Prorocentrum strain isolated from Japanese temperate shallow water (depths < 3 m) was characterized using morphological, phylogenetic, and toxicological methods. Cell size of the Japanese Prorocentrum strain KSK4P was 27.2 AE 1.3 μm in length, 22.4 AE 0.9 μm in width, and had a length-to-width ratio of 1.22 AE 0.04. The thecal surface was smooth and covered with large and small thecal pores lying in rows, and the pores were lacking in the central area of the theca. The right theca had a deeply excavated periflagellar area that was narrow V-shaped. Nine platelets and two wings were in the periflagellar area. These morphological features of the strain KSK4P are similar to those of P. fukuyoi. Phylogenetic trees based on the LSU rDNA D1/D3 sequences revealed that the strain KSK4P forms a new subclade F2f belonging to P. fukuyoi complex (subclade F2). The sequence analysis revealed that the strain KSK4P (subclade F2f) diverges from a subclade F2e to which the strain used for the description of P. fukuyoi belongs. Based on the results of morphological and phylogenetic analyses of the strain KSK4P, the strain was designated as P. cf. fukuyoi. The results of the LC/MS/MS analysis revealed that the strain KSK4P produced okadaic acid (1.5-2.7 fg cell −1 ). This is the first report that a strain belonging to the P. fukuyoi complex can produce okadaic acid.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

First report on okadaic acid production of a benthic dinoflagellate Prorocentrum cf. fukuyoi from Japan

Nishimura

Uchida

Suzuki

et al. 2019

Phycological Research

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“…For example, all reported Prorocentrum lima strains produce OA and some strains also produce DTX1 as a minor toxin (Jackson et al, 1993;McLachlan et al, 1994;Vanucci et al, 2010;Varkitzi et al, 2010;Hoppenrath et al, 2013;Wang et al, 2015;Hou et al, 2016;Lee et al, 2016;Hoppenrath, 2017;Pan et al, 2017;Aquino-Cruz et al, 2018;Gu et al, 2019). Prorocentrum belizeanum, caipirignum, concavum, maculosum and hoffmannianum are also known producers of DSP toxins (Morton et al, 1994;Zhou and Fritz, 1994;Hoppenrath et al, 2013;López-Rosales et al, 2014;Luo et al, 2017;Accoroni et al, 2018;Rodríguez et al, 2018;Lim et al, 2019;Lee et al, 2020).…”

Section: Toxic Bioactive Metabolites Frommentioning

confidence: 99%

“…It has been speculated that the low chlorophyll a to carbon ratio is responsible for the slow growth of dinoflagellates (Tang, 1996) but the chlorophyll a content per unit mass of dinoflagellates is similar to diatoms (Gallardo- Rodríguez et al, 2012). Several studies have focused on small-scale cultures of benthic dinoflagellates to optimize growth rates and toxic production (Jackson et al, 1993;McLachlan et al, 1994;Morton et al, 1994;Yang et al, 2008;Zhong et al, 2008;Li et al, 2009;Vanucci et al, 2010;Varkitzi et al, 2010;López-Rosales et al, 2014;Wang et al, 2015;Hou et al, 2016;Accoroni et al, 2018;Aquino-Cruz et al, 2018;Gu et al, 2019;Lee et al, 2020). In a typical photosynthetic culture the maximum biomass concentration reached was well below 1 g/L and regarding phycotoxin production it is of the order of picograms (Gallardo- Rodríguez et al, 2012).…”

Section: Culture Of Dinoflagellatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Dinoflagellate tolerance and acclimatization to different temperatures are strain specific and may depend on their original habitat as it was found that dinoflagellates from tropical habitats have lower tolerance to low temperatures (below 20 • C) than dinoflagellates from temperate habitats (Jackson et al, 1993;McLachlan et al, 1994;Accoroni et al, 2018).…”

Section: Culture Of Dinoflagellatesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Benthic Prorocentrum spp. has been cultured using nitrate, ammonium and urea (Table 2) (McLachlan et al, 1994;Pan et al, 1999;Zhong et al, 2008;Li et al, 2009;Varkitzi et al, 2010;Hou et al, 2016;Accoroni et al, 2018;Gu et al, 2019;Lee et al, 2020). Whereas some studies suggest that nitrogen concentration is directly proportional to the maximum cell density but not growth rate (Zhong et al, 2008;Vanucci et al, 2010;Hou et al, 2016), others found that it is directly proportional to both (McLachlan et al, 1994;Li et al, 2009).…”

Section: Nitrogenmentioning

confidence: 99%

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High Value Phycotoxins From the Dinoflagellate Prorocentrum

et al. 2021

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Marine dinoflagellates produce chemically diverse compounds, with a wide range of biological activity (antimicrobial, anticancer, treatment of neurodegenerative disease along with use as biomedical research tools). Chemical diversity is highlighted by their production of molecules such as the saxitoxin family of alkaloids (C10H17N7O4 – 299 g/mol) to the amphipathic maitotoxin (C164H256O68S2Na2 – 3,422 g/mol), representing one of the largest and most complex secondary metabolites characterized. Dinoflagellates, are most well-known for the production of red tides which are frequently toxic, including okadaic acid and related dinophysistoxins, which are tumor promoters. The mode of action for these phycotoxins, is by specific inhibition of protein phosphatases, enzymes essential in regulation of many cellular processes. Hence, these compounds are being used for vital cell regulation studies. However, the availability of useful amounts of these compounds has restricted research. Chemical synthesis of some compounds such as okadaic acid has been investigated, but the complexity of the molecule resulted in many lengthy steps and achieved only a poor yield. The use of naturally occurring phytoplankton has been investigated as a potential source of these compounds, but it has been shown to be unreliable and impractical. The most practical option is large scale culture with down-stream processing/purification which requires specialist facilities and expertise. This review, describes the biotechnological potential of these organisms and the challenges to achieve useful yields of high quality phycotoxins using Prorocentrum spp. as an example to produce okadaic acid.

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Marine Biology. Biodiversity and Functioning of Marine Ecosystems: Scientific Advancements and New Perspectives for Preserving Marine Life

Totti

Accoroni

Barucca

et al. 2020

The First Outstanding 50 Years of “Università Politecnica Delle Marche”

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Role of temperature and nutrients on the growth and toxin production of Prorocentrum hoffmannianum (Dinophyceae) from the Florida Keys

Cited by 16 publications

References 76 publications

First report on okadaic acid production of a benthic dinoflagellate Prorocentrum cf. fukuyoi from Japan

First report on okadaic acid production of a benthic dinoflagellate Prorocentrum cf. fukuyoi from Japan

High Value Phycotoxins From the Dinoflagellate Prorocentrum

Marine Biology. Biodiversity and Functioning of Marine Ecosystems: Scientific Advancements and New Perspectives for Preserving Marine Life

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