Role of the interface in mechanical energy dissipation of composites

Ziegel, K. D.

doi:10.1016/0021-9797(69)90348-8

Cited by 60 publications

(20 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Some direct experimental evidence [33] exists to support the existence of such an interphase for carbon black-filled elastomers. For elastomers containing nonreinforcing filler, existence is implied from changes in Tg [9] and strain amplification factors [31]. Within this interphase, the molecular motions of individual molecules are changed due to weak attachments of themselves or their neighbors to a filler particle.…”

Section: Behavior Of the Interphasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Zeigel [31] calculated D as 2 gm for a system of 18-gm glass beds in a polyurethane rubber. This number was determined by rationing strain amplification factors between filled and unfilled equilibrium responses.…”

Section: Behavior Of the Interphasementioning

confidence: 99%

“…Within this interphase, segmental mobility of the polymer network is considered to be restricted, due to either chemical bonding (carbon black) or weak adsorption (nonreinforcing fillers) to the particle surface. This argument has been successfully employed to describe apparent shifts in both Tg and a [9,10,31,32]. The dimensions of such an interphase were first directly investigated by Kaufman and coworkers [33].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

“…Although not mentioned by the authors, the 50-nm value corresponds exactly to that estimated [34] for a flat monolayer of polymer strongly adsorbed on a solid surface. The exact dimensions of such an interphase can be expected to vary greatly from system-to-system, especially for a weakly adsorbed polymer for which values as great as 2 gm [31] and 10 gm [35] have been estimated.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Small deformation viscoelastic response of gum and highly filled elastomers

Stacer

Husband

1990

Rheol Acta

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Small deformation viscoelastic response has been investigated in a series of five elastomeric binders, both with and without nonreinforcing filler. The filled system were found nonlinear viscoelastic and thermorheologically complex. These behavior suggest the existence of a secondary relaxation process. The origin of this secondary process was modeled as an interphase of polymer weakly adsorbed on the filler surface. Decomposition of time-temperature shift factors for filled vs unfilled properties showed that the mechanical response of this interphase followed Arrhenius behavior. Measured activtion energies ranged from 24 to 76kJ/mole, depending on the cohesive-energy demsity of the elastomeric binder. Finally, these activation energies were related to the strain amplitude dependent nonlinear factor for the polymeric systems which contained no polar groups in their backbone, suggesting that in these systems both the nonlinear and thermorheologically complex nature of the filled materia ls' viscoelastic response originate from relaxations within this interphase

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Section: Behavior Of the Interphasementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Behavior Of the Interphasementioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 2 more Smart Citations

Small deformation viscoelastic response of gum and highly filled elastomers

Stacer

Husband

1990

Rheol Acta

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“…Other observable and important effects from pigment-polymer interactions include: rheology modification, prohibited pigment settling, 9,10 increased T g 11-16 decreased permeability, 17,18 and viscoelastic behavior. 19 How and why do these effects occur? This question can be answered with an explanation of the thermodynamic and physical aspects of polymer adsorption onto filler particles and the subsequent effects on the properties of the composite.…”

Section: Interactions Within Applied Coatings-an Examplementioning

confidence: 98%

2003 Joseph J. Mattiello memorial lecture

Hegedus¹

2004

J Coat. Technol. Res.

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Organic coatings are functional materials, working substances. They are used in a wide variety of applications for a great number of reasons. Many of the functions that coatings provide meet essential societal needs. Their advancement has been and will continue to be important to the advancement of technology and society. Holism is the concept that whole entities have an existence other than the mere sum of their parts and that a broader perspective will yield better understanding and results. A coating is not just a polymer or pigments; a coating system is not just a primer and topcoat acting independently; an end product (i.e., the product to be coated) would not be as valuable without a properly functioning coating system. A coating is a complex material that is often a component of a coating system, which inturn provides added value to a final product. Coatings technology spans a wide spectrum, from the complex interactions and effects of individual paint ingredients, to the design of coating systems to perform specific functions, to the design and manufacture of end products. The focus of this paper is to suggest a holistic perspective of coatings technology, to illustrate that diversity of knowledge, thought, and approach in designing these coatings, coating systems, and final products will yield better science, better coatings and better final products.

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Viscoelastic properties of plasticized PVC reinforced with cellulose whiskers

Chazeau

Cavaillé

Canova

et al. 1999

J. Appl. Polym. Sci.

199

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New nanocomposites are processed with a plasticized poly(vinyl chloride) matrix reinforced by cellulose whiskers whose characteristics are a high aspect ratio and a large interface area. Dynamic mechanical analysis performed on samples reinforced with a filler fraction of up to 12.4 vol % gives the viscoelastic properties of the composite above and below its glass transition temperature. Different theoretical predictions are proposed to describe this behavior, but none of them is found wholly satisfactory for describing the reinforcing effect of these fillers. A model based on the Halpin-Kardos equation, with the assumption of an immobilized phase around the whiskers, is developed to account for significant decrease in the modulus drop, on passing above the glass transition temperature. The small discrepancy between this model and the experimental modulus measured in the rubber plateau is discussed as a possible effect of a percolating whisker network whose crosslinks are assured by chains adsorbed onto the whisker surface. Swelling experiments support this hypothesis.

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Role of the interface in mechanical energy dissipation of composites

Cited by 60 publications

References 8 publications

Small deformation viscoelastic response of gum and highly filled elastomers

Small deformation viscoelastic response of gum and highly filled elastomers

2003 Joseph J. Mattiello memorial lecture

Viscoelastic properties of plasticized PVC reinforced with cellulose whiskers

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