Role of Trichostatin A as Reprogramming Enhancer on In Vitro Development of Cloned Embryos: A Review

Beigh, Sajad A.; Ahad, Wani A.; Bhat, Rumase A.; Nabi, Neelofar; Ahmed, Touqeer; Reshi, Mehrajuddin; Shah, Rehan Ali

doi:10.20546/ijcmas.2017.611.123

Cited by 3 publications

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“…The reprogramming of differentiated cells toward an embryonic state, which requires the remodeling of chromatin in order to break the epigenetic barriers and histone acetylation in concert with the methylation of histones and DNA are believed to play central roles in this process reviewed in Fehér (2015) and Horstman et al (2017a) . In support of the function of histone acetylation in cellular reprogramming, the inhibitor of HDACs – TSA – has been shown to improve embryo cloning in mammals ( Beigh et al, 2017 ; Miyamoto et al, 2017 ) and to promote somatic embryo development in Arabidopsis seedlings (Tanaka et al; 2008). Given that the TSA treatment was observed to have a distinct impact on gene expression in animals and plants ( Görisch et al, 2005 ; Chang and Pikaard, 2005 ; Inoue et al, 2015 ), the embryogenic response that is induced by TSA appears to result from the de-repression of the specific regulatory genes that control the embryogenic transition.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…In mammals, TSA has been widely used to improve the nuclear reprogramming of somatic cells for embryo cloning ( Beigh et al, 2017 ; Miyamoto et al, 2017 ). Moreover, the TSA-induced inhibition of tumor growth and the apoptosis of cancer cells indicates the potential application of this drug in epigenetic therapy against cancer ( Damaskos et al, 2017 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Trichostatin A Triggers an Embryogenic Transition in Arabidopsis Explants via an Auxin-Related Pathway

et al. 2018

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Auxin is an important regulator of plant ontogenies including embryo development and the exogenous application of this phytohormone has been found to be necessary for the induction of the embryogenic response in plant explants that have been cultured in vitro. However, in the present study, we show that treatment of Arabidopsis explants with trichostatin A (TSA), which is a chemical inhibitor of histone deacetylases, induces somatic embryogenesis (SE) without the exogenous application of auxin. We found that the TSA-treated explants generated somatic embryos that developed efficiently on the adaxial side of the cotyledons, which are the parts of an explant that are involved in auxin-induced SE. A substantial reduction in the activity of histone deacetylase (HDAC) was observed in the TSA-treated explants, thus confirming a histone acetylation-related mechanism of the TSA-promoted embryogenic response. Unexpectedly, the embryogenic effect of TSA was lower on the auxin-supplemented media and this finding further suggests an auxin-related mechanism of TSA-induced SE. Congruently, we found a significantly increased content of indolic compounds, which is indicative of IAA and an enhanced DR5::GUS signal in the TSA-treated explants. In line with these results, two of the YUCCA genes (YUC1 and YUC10), which are involved in auxin biosynthesis, were found to be distinctly up-regulated during TSA-induced SE and their expression was colocalised with the explant sites that are involved in SE. Beside auxin, ROS were extensively accumulated in response to TSA, thereby indicating that a stress-response is involved in TSA-triggered SE. Relevantly, we showed that the genes encoding the transcription factors (TFs) that have a regulatory function in auxin biosynthesis including LEC1, LEC2, BBM, and stress responses (MYB118) were highly up-regulated in the TSA-treated explants. Collectively, the results provide several pieces of evidence about the similarities between the molecular pathways of SE induction that are triggered by TSA and 2,4-D that involve the activation of the auxin-responsive TF genes that have a regulatory function in auxin biosynthesis and stress responses. The study suggests the involvement of histone acetylation in the auxin-mediated release of the embryogenic program of development in the somatic cells of Arabidopsis.

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