Role of Vascular Disease in Alzheimer-Like Progressive Cognitive Impairment

Viswanathan, Anand; Greenberg, Steven M.; Scheltens, Philip

doi:10.1161/strokeaha.115.009010

Cited by 9 publications

(6 citation statements)

References 30 publications

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“…, vascular cognitive impairment (VCI) as well as dementia [ 3 ]. Although the typical neuropathological features of Alzheimer’s disease (AD)—and more in general of dementia—have been classically ascribed to alterations in the neuronal components of the brain [ 4 ], it is now well known that late-life dementia is frequently attributable to a vascular etiology [ 5 ]. On this issue, hypertension is one of the most powerful vascular risk factors increasingly associated with the development of late-life dementia.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypertension and Dementia: Epidemiological and Experimental Evidence Revealing a Detrimental Relationship

Perrotta

Lembo

Carnevale

2016

IJMS

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Hypertension and dementia represent two major public health challenges worldwide, notably in the elderly population. Although these two conditions have classically been recognized as two distinct diseases, mounting epidemiological, clinical and experimental evidence suggest that hypertension and dementia are strictly intertwined. Here, we briefly report how hypertension profoundly affects brain homeostasis, both at the structural and functional level. Chronic high blood pressure modifies the cerebral vasculature, increasing the risk of Aβ clearance impairment. The latter, excluding genetic etiologies, is considered one of the main causes of Aβ deposition in the brain. Studies have shown that hypertension induces cerebral arterial stiffening and microvascular dysfunction, thus contributing to dementia pathophysiology. This review examines the existing and the updated literature which has attempted to explain and clarify the relationship between hypertension and dementia at the pathophysiological level.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Hypertension and Dementia: Epidemiological and Experimental Evidence Revealing a Detrimental Relationship

Perrotta

Lembo

Carnevale

2016

IJMS

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“…It affects one billion people worldwide. Recent studies have shown that controlling blood pressure (BP) in midlife significantly reduces the risk of cognitive impairment [81][82][83].…”

Section: Hypertensionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A review of the mechanisms underlying selected comorbidities in Alzheimer’s disease

2021

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Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system (CNS) leading to mental deterioration and devastation, and eventually a fatal outcome. AD affects mostly the elderly. AD is frequently accompanied by hypercholesterolemia, hypertension, atherosclerosis, and diabetes mellitus, and these are significant risk factors of AD. Other conditions triggered by the progression of AD include psychosis, sleep disorders, epilepsy, and depression. One important comorbidity is Down’s syndrome, which directly contributes to the severity and rapid progression of AD. The development of new therapeutic strategies for AD includes the repurposing of drugs currently used for the treatment of comorbidities. A better understanding of the influence of comorbidities on the pathogenesis of AD, and the medications used in its treatment, might allow better control of disease progression, and more effective pharmacotherapy. Graphic abstract

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“…And as a potential marker of the tissue disequilibrium progression and as a consequence of the chronic membrane composition and cell signaling alteration, inducing cognitive impairment (Llorens et al, 2016; Viswanathan et al, 2016), could be the taupathy (Figure 1). …”

Section: Sensor Of Neurodegeneration: a Convergent Cell Phenomena In mentioning

confidence: 99%

Dementia, Preclinical Studies in Neurodegeneration and its Potential for Translational Medicine in South America

Cardona‐Gómez

Lopera

2016

Front. Aging Neurosci.

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Latin-American people with dementia will increase to an astounding 368% in 2050, higher than USA and Europe. In addition, to sporadic dementia type like Alzheimer, and vascular dementia (VaD) progression after Cerebrovascular disease is also found. These incidences are increased in Colombia by specific populations affected with pure Neurodegenerative and VaDs like Autosomical Dominant familial Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Cerebral Autosomal-Dominant Arteriopathy with Subcortical Infarcts and Leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL). In spite of the enormous human effort with and economical effort and investment costs, neither sporadic nor genetic kinds of dementia progression have been prevented or blocked yet. Currently, there exist several animal models that partially solve the understanding of the neurodegenerative etiopathogenesis and its treatment. However, when the potential therapies are translated to humans, those do not work or present a limited action. Main difficulties are the diverse comorbility associated to the cause and/or several affected brain regions, reducing the efficacy of some therapies which are limited to a tissue-specific action or modulating a kind of neurotransmission. Global investigation suggests that a general prevention could be achieved with the improvement in the quality of lifestyle, including healthy diet, physical and mental activity, and avoiding mechanical or chemical pro-inflammatory events in an early stage in the most of non-communicable diseases. In this review article, we present some molecular targets and preclinical studies in animal models to propose strategies that could be useful in a future translation to prevent or block neurodegeneration: one is gene therapy; silencing pathogenic genes in critical brain areas where excitotoxicity arise and spread. Another is to take advantage of the natural source and its wide biodiversity of natural products that are capable of identifying, by the blocking and prevention of neurodegeneration. On the other side, the casuistic of pure dementias in the Latin-American region gives an exceptional opportunity to understand the pathogenesis in these human populations. Further, this is in support of the basic and clinical researchers working on an interaction for a better understanding and medical care of mixed dementias, which have more complex factors than pure ones. However, to promote the translation of any therapeutical alternative is necessary to clarify the normative and the protocols for developing clinical trials with original candidates or work upon strategies proposed from South-American countries.

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Role of Vascular Disease in Alzheimer-Like Progressive Cognitive Impairment

Cited by 9 publications

References 30 publications

Hypertension and Dementia: Epidemiological and Experimental Evidence Revealing a Detrimental Relationship

Hypertension and Dementia: Epidemiological and Experimental Evidence Revealing a Detrimental Relationship

A review of the mechanisms underlying selected comorbidities in Alzheimer’s disease

Dementia, Preclinical Studies in Neurodegeneration and its Potential for Translational Medicine in South America

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