Role of vitamin D deficiency in systemic lupus erythematosus incidence and aggravation

Abstract

Vitamin D is one of the main groups of sterols; playing an important role in phospho-calcic metabolism. The conversion of 7-dehydrocholesterol to pre- vitamin D3 in the skin, through solar ultraviolet B radiation, is the main source of vitamin D. Since lupus patients are usually photosensitive, the risk of developing vitamin D deficiency in is high in this population. Although evidences showed the connotation between systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and vitamin D through which SLE can lead to lower vitamin D levels, it is also important to consider the possibility that vitamin D deficiency may have a causative role in SLE etiology. This paper analyzes existing data from various studies to highlight the role of vitamin D deficiency in SLE occurrence and aggravation and the probable efficacy of vitamin D supplementation on SLE patients. We searched “Science Direct” and “Pub Med” using “Vitamin D” and “SLE” for finding the studies focusing on the association between vitamin D deficiency and SLE incidence and consequences. Evidences show that vitamin D plays an important role in the pathogenesis and progression of SLE and vitamin D supplementation seems to ameliorate inflammatory and hemostatic markers; so, can improve clinical subsequent.

Betok Fish (Anabas testudineus) Oil Decreases Inflammatory Cytokine through Increasing Vitamin D Level in Rats-induced Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

“…Damage caused by antigen binding (ds-DNA and ANA) with antibodies will cause activation and recruitment of various immune responses by releasing various pro-inflammatory mediators, such as TNFα and IL-1β. Subsequent pro-inflammatory mediators will cause more massive damage due to immunogenic inhibitory activity [21], [22], [20]. Vitamin D is a regulator that plays a role in maintaining the body's defense system homeostasis.…”

Recognition and management of systemic lupus erythematosus

“…Moreover, vitamin D supplementation seems to ameliorate inflammatory and haemostatic markers and can improve clinical course. 33 SLE has an impact on many aspects of patients' health, so a multidisciplinary team including the GP , rheumatologist and other specialists must co-operate to optimise the follow-up of SLE patients. 9…”

Vitamin D Receptor rs2228570 and rs731236 Polymorphisms are Susceptible Factors for Systemic Lupus Erythematosus

“…Indeed, the available evidences have introduced Vitamin D as an immune modulator for the immune system. [7] Previous reports showed that Vitamin D deficiency/insufficiency was high in SLE patients. The promising results reported for Vitamin D administration in several animal models suffered from inflammatory bowel disease,[8] autoimmune thyroiditis,[9] Type I diabetes mellitus,[10] and SLE.…”