Roles and mechanisms of stem cell in wound healing

Abstract

Wound healing phases comprise of highly synchronized process that begins due to a damage and restores the integrity of the injured tissues. Wound healing reduces the damage in tissue and supply sufficient oxygen and tissue perfusion, provide proper nourishment and humid wound healing atmosphere to re-establish the essential status of exaggerated parts. The untreated wound becomes susceptible for pus development, bacterial infection and complications like sepsis. Traditional and modern approaches are in practice to treat acute, open and chronic injuries, however, present wound care management has met with challenges and minimal positive effects. Stem cells have possible wound healing capability to overwhelm restrictions of the current wound care practices as it produces faster tissue regeneration in wound repair. Stem cells are unspecialized cells derived from adult body tissues and embryos that differentiate into any cell of an organism and capable of self-regeneration. The understanding on molecular mechanisms of stem cells has become the central and promising field in scientific study. This review focuses on the pre-existing traditional and modern treatments for wound healing, and types and roles of stem cells in wound care management. This review also focuses on the fundamental molecular characterization and factors influencing the molecular mechanisms of stem cells in wound healing.

Composite Membrane Dressings System with Metallic Nanoparticles as an Antibacterial Factor in Wound Healing

“…Stem cells (SC) enhance wound healing by releasing growth factors and through paracrine signaling. They also influence the regeneration of damaged tissues [10,25]. Especially, adult stem cells like bone-marrow (BM)-derived cells (BMDCs) and epidermal stem cells have recently gained researcher attention.…”

Exosome derived from stem cell: A promising therapeutics for wound healing

“…Wounds are disruption of normal anatomic structure and function because of internal and external breakage of the epidermis and dermis ( Reinke and Sorg, 2012 ; Kanji and Das, 2017 ; Ayavoo et al, 2021 ) ( Figure 1 ). Current strategies for wound healing include wound dressings ( Han and Ceilley, 2017 ), skin substitutes ( Dai et al, 2020 ), and growth factors ( Shpichka et al, 2019 ).…”

“…It can prevent bacterial invasion and resist chemical and physical assaults by forming a strong barrier between the organism and the environment ( Proksch et al, 2008 ; Wang et al, 2019 ). A wound is a disruption of normal anatomic structure and function because of internal and external breakage of the epidermis and dermis and occurs when the skin is torn and burned and has pressure ulcer and diabetes ulcer ( Reinke and Sorg, 2012 ; Kanji and Das, 2017 ; Ayavoo et al, 2021 ). A prompt and suitable wound healing is necessary for the repair of functional tissues as well as disordered structures after an injury ( Gurtner et al, 2008 ; Ayavoo et al, 2021 ).…”

“…A wound is a disruption of normal anatomic structure and function because of internal and external breakage of the epidermis and dermis and occurs when the skin is torn and burned and has pressure ulcer and diabetes ulcer ( Reinke and Sorg, 2012 ; Kanji and Das, 2017 ; Ayavoo et al, 2021 ). A prompt and suitable wound healing is necessary for the repair of functional tissues as well as disordered structures after an injury ( Gurtner et al, 2008 ; Ayavoo et al, 2021 ). Normal wound healing is a sophisticated and dynamic activity that involves many physiological activities, such as inflammation, cell proliferation, and extracellular matrix remodeling ( Wang et al, 2018 ).…”

Low Molecular Weight Sericin Enhances the In Vitro of Immunological Modulation and Cell Migration

“…Previous studies have demonstrated that the disrupted number of wound macrophages and their phenotypes caused prolonged inflammation, impaired neovascularization, fibroblast differentiation, and delayed healing ( Goren et al, 2009 ; Mirza et al, 2009 ; Davies et al, 2013 ). In addition to macrophages, the continuous cell-cell and cell-matrix interactions, such as stem cells, that stimulate wound healing in all three overlapping phases are also essential ( Ayavoo et al, 2021 ). For instance, Bartholomew et al (2002) showed that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) had the ability to modulate immunosuppression.…”