Roles of human epicardial adipose tissue in coronary artery atherosclerosis

Chen, Xinzhong; Jiao, Zhouyang; Wang, Lei; Sun, Zhen; Wei, Yongzhong; Wang, Xianguo; Xia, Dongsheng

doi:10.1007/s11596-010-0547-9

Cited by 10 publications

(7 citation statements)

References 28 publications

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“…The single probe that interrogated this gene in our study was also differentially up-regulated in EAT compared to SAT (fold change = 1.20), but was not significant. Another study suggested that the expression of adiponectin (ADIPOQ) was lowered in EAT compared to SAT [25]. Again our results were in the same direction (fold change = 0.84 comparing EAT vs SAT), but not significant.…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

The Transcriptome of Human Epicardial, Mediastinal and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissues in Men with Coronary Artery Disease

et al. 2011

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BackgroundThe biological functions of epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) remain largely unknown. However, the proximity of EAT to the coronary arteries suggests a role in the pathogenesis of coronary artery disease (CAD). The objectives of this study were to identify genes differentially regulated among three adipose tissues, namely EAT, mediastinal (MAT) and subcutaneous (SAT) and to study their possible relationships with the development of cardiovascular diseases.Methods and ResultsSamples were collected from subjects undergoing coronary artery bypass grafting surgeries. Gene expression was evaluated in the three adipose depots of six men using the Illumina® HumanWG-6 v3.0 expression BeadChips. Twenty-three and 73 genes were differentially up-regulated in EAT compared to MAT and SAT, respectively. Ninety-four genes were down-regulated in EAT compared to SAT. However, none were significantly down-regulated in EAT compared to MAT. More specifically, the expression of the adenosine A1 receptor (ADORA1), involved in myocardial ischemia, was significantly up-regulated in EAT. Levels of the prostaglandin D2 synthase (PTGDS) gene, recently associated with the progression of atherosclerosis, were significantly different in the three pairwise comparisons (EAT>MAT>SAT). The results of ADORA1 and PTGDS were confirmed by quantitative real-time PCR in 25 independent subjects.ConclusionsOverall, the transcriptional profiles of EAT and MAT were similar compared to the SAT. Despite this similarity, two genes involved in cardiovascular diseases, ADORA1 and PTGDS, were differentially up-regulated in EAT. These results provide insights about the biology of EAT and its potential implication in CAD.

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Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 65%

The Transcriptome of Human Epicardial, Mediastinal and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissues in Men with Coronary Artery Disease

et al. 2011

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“…For example, EAT in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) exhibit a greater proinflammatory profile than in non-CAD counterparts (37). Both mRNA expression and protein levels of proinflammatory cytokines such as tumor necrosis factors-a (TNF-a), interleukin (IL)-6, and monocyte chemoattractant protein (MCP-1) have been shown to be upregulated, and anti-inflammatory adiponectin to be downregulated, after adjustment for concurrent hypertension, diabetes, dyslipidemia, and body mass index (BMI) (38)(39)(40)(41)(42). Consistent with the rise in MCP-1, histological analysis of EAT from CAD patients exhibited infiltration by M1 macrophages and CD68 þ cells (43).…”

Section: Eat As a Pathophysiological Inflammatory Substratementioning

confidence: 99%

Epicardial adipose tissue as a mediator of cardiac arrhythmias

Patel

Hwang

Liebers

et al. 2022

American Journal of Physiology-Heart and Circulatory Physiology

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Obesity is associated with higher risks of cardiac arrhythmias. Although this may be partly explained by concurrent cardiometabolic ill-health, growing evidence suggests that increasing adiposity independently confers risk for arrhythmias. Amongst fat depots, epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) exhibits a proinflammatory secretome, and given the lack of fascial separation, has been implicated as a transducer of inflammation to the underlying myocardium. The present review explores the mechanisms underpinning adverse electrophysiological remodelling as a consequence of EAT accumulation and the consequent inflammation. We first describe the physiological and pathophysiological function of EAT and its unique secretome, and subsequently discuss the evidence for ionic channel and connexin expression modulation as well as fibrotic remodelling induced by cytokines and free fatty acids that are secreted by EAT. Finally, we highlight how weight reduction and regression of EAT volume may cause reverse remodelling to ameliorate arrhythmic risk.

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“…4,5 Furthermore, the EF shows a greater expression and secretion of adipokines and inflammatory chemokines [tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-8, MCP-1, C-reactive protein (CRP), IL-1β, and IL-6] and infiltration of the chronic inflammatory cell as macrophage in pathological conditions. 6 For these features, EF plays an important role in modifying the vascular endothelial function and promoting the growth of coronary atherosclerosis. 7…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Epicardial fat, gender, and cardiovascular risk

Monti¹,

Marchetti

Vincentelli

2021

Ital J Med

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Epicardial fat (EF) is considered an important risk factor and an active player in the pathogenesis of cardiovascular and metabolic diseases. EF is an endocrine organ that releases hormones and mediators, including the circulating C-reactive protein (CRP), and plays a vital role in modifying the vascular endothelial function and promoting the growth of coronary atherosclerosis. This study aimed to investigate the relationship between CRP concentrations and EF in a cohort of patients with metabolic syndrome at risk for coronary artery disease. In our study, carried out in primary prevention, we enrolled 36 subjects (M/F: 21/15; age: 59.3±0.79 yrs) diagnosed with metabolic syndrome. We have classified the patients into two groups: Men and Women. Besides anthropometric characterization and screening laboratory tests, the subjects performed a multidetector computed tomography scan, which allowed the EF quantification. Mean EF was 115.1 cc in the study population. The average EF of women was 111 cc; the average EF of men was 118 cc (P=0.18). CRP levels were strongly positively correlated with EF area in women (P=0.01), while the correlation was not found in men (P=0.4). Our findings suggest that, in women, the EF produces a greater amount of acute-phase proteins and increases the pro-inflammatory state in the epicardial region. For this reason, we can hypothesize, in women, a different role in the development of atherosclerotic plaque of the epicardial fat compared to men.

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Roles of human epicardial adipose tissue in coronary artery atherosclerosis

Cited by 10 publications

References 28 publications

The Transcriptome of Human Epicardial, Mediastinal and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissues in Men with Coronary Artery Disease

The Transcriptome of Human Epicardial, Mediastinal and Subcutaneous Adipose Tissues in Men with Coronary Artery Disease

Epicardial adipose tissue as a mediator of cardiac arrhythmias

Epicardial fat, gender, and cardiovascular risk

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