Rolling Contact Fatigue Life of Various Kinds of High-Hardness Steels and Influence of Material Factors on Rolling Contact Fatigue Life

Tsushima, Noriyuki; Maeda, Kikuo; Nakashima, H.

doi:10.1520/stp26231s

Cited by 9 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 5 publications

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“…(6) The results obtained make it possible to refine the parameters of deep contact strength substantially. Thus, the S KHe safety factor for nitriding is allowed up to 1.5 [21], while cementing carbon steels and alloyed with nickel content up to 1%, 1.5% and 1.3%, respectively [6]. Since the contact stresses and the applied load are related by a cubic (or close to it) dependence, in the case of classical linear contact, the introduction of the S KHe = 1.5 coefficient determines a decrease in the applied load by more than three times, and S KHe = 1.3 by 2.2 times.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Hardness is the most accessible characteristic of steel strength for monitoring, respectively, the quality of the hardened layer, which is largely estimated by the distribution of hardness over the thickness of this layer (Figure 2), using the main controlled parameters of the layer: H 0 , H K , h te . However, although the total thickness of the layer h t , due to "blur", is usually not controlled, the standard [6] recommends the dependence of the determination of hardness at a depth of "z":…”

Section: Hardness Distribution Over the Thickness Of The Hardened Layermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, although the total thickness of the layer t h , due to "blur", is usually not controlled, the standard [6] recommends the dependence of the determination of hardness at a depth of "z":…”

Section: Hardness Distribution Over the Thickness Of The Hardened Layermentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Outstripping were the destruction in the effective zone. (6) The deep contact strength of the samples is not provided. It is necessary to introduce a safety factor by the DCS criterion S KHe ≥ 1.32.…”

Section: ) the Local Maximum Of The Ratio I Z Hmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Then, a contact fatigue crack begins where the maximum value τ max /H V occurs. The influence of factors such as types of steels, the process of steel smelting, cleanliness, fiber orientation, forging coefficient, and negative fatigue strength treatment at rolling contact was investigated Tsushima et al [6] for rolling bearing steels. Fatigue life during rolling in contact with the steel, which has high purity, increased markedly, and the influence of the orientation of the fibers or processing with a negative impact on the fatigue life during rolling was negligible.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deep Contact Strength of Surface Hardened Gears

Beskopylny

Meskhi

Onishkov

et al. 2020

Metals

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This article is devoted to the analysis methods for assessing the load capacity of gears hardened by surface chemical-thermal treatment (CTT), which are characterized by structural and chemical heterogeneity. The leading type of failure is determined by several factors, the main of which are the surface and deep layer properties of the material, which fundamentally differ in the energy and structural state. Intercrystalline fracture mechanisms predominate in the surface layers and transcrystalline in the core. For these cases, the classical failure criteria of Mohr, Tresca, and Mises lead to significant errors. Therefore, the bearing capacity of the layer component is investigated by the generalized criterion of the limit state of the Pisarenko-Lebedev structurally inhomogeneous material, considering changes in its plastic properties due to surface hardening. The reliability of predicting the level of bearing capacity of surface hardened steel parts, such as gears, was significantly improved. The influence of the plasticity parameter on the level of bearing capacity for various types of CTT is estimated. Calculations using the presented model show that for alloy steels with a Ni content up to 1%, the safety coefficient can be limited to 1.2, which will increase the bearing capacity by 25–27%.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hardness Distribution Over the Thickness Of The Hardened Layermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Hardness Distribution Over the Thickness Of The Hardened Layermentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: ) the Local Maximum Of The Ratio I Z Hmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Deep Contact Strength of Surface Hardened Gears

Beskopylny

Meskhi

Onishkov

et al. 2020

Metals

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Application of X-ray Measurements to Rolling Bearing Technology

Tsushima

1993

X-Ray Diffraction Studies on the Deformation and Fracture of Solids

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Chapter 7 | Forming and Soft Machining Bearing Metallurgy

Beswick¹

2022

Rolling Bearing Steel: Design, Technology, Testing and Measurements

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Bearing steel forming and shaping operations impact both cost and performance. Forming with raceway material (fiber) flow conformance is the preferred shaping method. High volume hot forging requires 52100 type steels to have a good homogeneity to avoid metallurgical integrity issues. Hot formability testing is described to define the optimum homogenization in the steelmaking process. Warm forming and ausforming are forming processes applied in specific bearing steels. Forming performed in the cold condition can have a beneficial influence on the rolling bearing functional properties. However, cold working of tubes or components negatively influences the hardening heat treatment distortion. The degree of forming reduction is an important consideration. A high amount of reduction increases the steelmaking and component process costs. Knowledge of the optimum is a profound consideration. The properties of formed bearing steel and components varies depending on the testing direction (i.e., transverse or longitudinal). The raceway incident angle of inclusions is a key issue and the metallurgically cleaner the steel the lower the effect of forming deformation and orientation. The so-called fiber flow can be quantified and defined in bearing steel component specifications. Good machinability is a requirement in efficient rolling bearing component manufacture. Turning tool life is generally used as the primary factor in assessing a softened bearing steel machinability. For metallurgical quality reasons low sulfur contents are applied in spheroidized annealed 52100 type steels and this has a negative effect on machinability. Carbon steels, such as 1055, used in hub bearing units, sometimes are resulfurized to improve the ring component machinability. Machinability and sulfur content is a particularly important consideration when drilling and taping operations are performed on the flanges of hub bearing units. Manufacturing process developments are in progress and tailored forming using composite steel combination and forming is an important future manufacturing development.

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Rolling Contact Fatigue Life of Various Kinds of High-Hardness Steels and Influence of Material Factors on Rolling Contact Fatigue Life

Cited by 9 publications

References 5 publications

Deep Contact Strength of Surface Hardened Gears

Deep Contact Strength of Surface Hardened Gears

Application of X-ray Measurements to Rolling Bearing Technology

Chapter 7 | Forming and Soft Machining Bearing Metallurgy

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