Room temperature cw fibre laser at 3.5 μm in Er
            <sup>3+</sup>
            -doped ZBLAN glass

Többen, Helmut

doi:10.1049/el:19920865

Cited by 95 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…1. In the case of the 4 F 9/2 → 4 I 9/2 transition in erbium [20] we have recently found evidence that the high threshold in these experiments were likely caused by an energy exchange process that robs the top lasing state of ions [24].…”

Section: Mid−infrared Emission Wavelength (µM) Output Power (W)mentioning

confidence: 80%

“…They demonstrated lasers that operated at 3.2 µm [16] and 3.9 µm (cryogenically) [22] using Ho 3+ :ZBLAN fiber and at 3.5 µm [20] using Er 3+ :ZBLAN fiber. These lasers had high threshold and low slope efficiencies, particularly when operated at room temperature.…”

Section: Mid−infrared Emission Wavelength (µM) Output Power (W)mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The fluorescence from these four fibers was collected during our work. A fifth fiber (1 mol%) single clad, is from the work of Többen [20]. The large differences of the short and long edges of the fluorescence cannot be attributed to slight differences in calibration as they span over 100 nm on each side.…”

Section: Variations In the 35 µM Emission Shapementioning

confidence: 99%

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Recent Advances in 3.5 μm Erbium-Doped Mid-Infrared Fiber Lasers

Henderson-Sapir

Malouf

Bawden

et al. 2017

IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron.

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Section: Mid−infrared Emission Wavelength (µM) Output Power (W)mentioning

confidence: 80%

Section: Mid−infrared Emission Wavelength (µM) Output Power (W)mentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Recent Advances in 3.5 μm Erbium-Doped Mid-Infrared Fiber Lasers

Henderson-Sapir

Malouf

Bawden

et al. 2017

IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron.

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“…Többen and Hofle reported 3.5 µm lasing on the 4 F 9/2 → 4 I 9/2 transition using ground state pumping by a 655 nm DCM dye laser [7,8]. A maximum average output power of 8 mW with a slope efficiency of less than 3% at room temperature was reported.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

New energy-transfer upconversion process in Er^3+:ZBLAN mid-infrared fiber lasers

2016

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New energy-transfer upconversion process in Er³⁺:ZBLAN mid-infrared fiber lasers Optics Express, 2016; 24(7):6869-6883 © 2016 Optical Society of America. One print or electronic copy may be made for personal use only. Systematic reproduction and distribution, duplication of any material in this paper for a fee or for commercial purposes, or modifications of the content of this paper are prohibited. Abstract:We report a new energy-transfer process in erbium doped ZBLAN glass, which is critical for optimizing the operation of lasers that use the 3.5 µm band 4 F 9/2 to 4 I 9/2 transition. The magnitude of this energytransfer process is measured for two different doping levels in Er 3+ :ZBLAN and the requirement for low doping in these lasers established.

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“…Traditionally, research into fiber lasers using fluoride glasses operating in the far shortwave region of the spectrum has been driven by requirements in medicine and materials processing; however, as demands develop from mid-IR photonics, pushing the emission wavelength of fiber lasers further into the mid-IR is desirable. To date, the rare earth ions erbium [2], holmium [3], and dysprosium [4] have created the highest output power and efficiency in the far shortwave IR region with the former two ions also generating low power emission in the near mid-IR region albeit at low efficiencies [5][6][7]. A recent report [8] of an all-fiber erbium-doped ZBLAN 2:825 μm fiber laser emitting 20:6 W of single transverse mode output power demonstrates the maturity and utility of fluoride glass fiber lasers for long wavelength emission.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

High-power diode-pumped fiber laser operating at 3 μm

Hudson

Jackson

2011

Opt. Lett.

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A high-power diode-cladding-pumped Ho 3þ -doped fluoride glass fiber laser operating in cascade mode is demonstrated. The 5 I 6 → 5 I 7 and 5 I 7 → 5 I 8 laser transitions produced 0:77 W at a measured slope efficiency of 12.4% and 0:24 W at a measured slope efficiency of 5.2%, respectively. Using a long fiber length, which forced a large threshold for the 5 I 7 → 5 I 8 transition, a wavelength of 3:002 μm was measured at maximum output power, making this system the first watt-level fiber laser operating in the mid-IR. © 2011 Optical Society of America OCIS codes: 140.3510, 140.3480.The burgeoning field of mid-IR photonics requires a variety of pump and probe sources in order to create the integrated optical devices required for the plethora of applications in defense, health, and the environment. The mid-IR region of the spectrum that is relevant to optics and photonics spans 3 to 50 μm [1] and contains most of the signatures relating to biochemicals and other molecular compounds. Traditionally, research into fiber lasers using fluoride glasses operating in the far shortwave region of the spectrum has been driven by requirements in medicine and materials processing; however, as demands develop from mid-IR photonics, pushing the emission wavelength of fiber lasers further into the mid-IR is desirable. To date, the rare earth ions erbium [2], holmium [3], and dysprosium [4] have created the highest output power and efficiency in the far shortwave IR region with the former two ions also generating low power emission in the near mid-IR region albeit at low efficiencies [5][6][7]. A recent report [8] of an all-fiber erbium-doped ZBLAN 2:825 μm fiber laser emitting 20:6 W of single transverse mode output power demonstrates the maturity and utility of fluoride glass fiber lasers for long wavelength emission. This result suggests that fluoride glass fiber lasers could find application as pump sources for mid-IR integrated optics. Holmium-doped fluoride glass fiber lasers operating on the 5 I 6 → 5 I 7 laser transition (see Fig. 1) have shown high efficiency, high power [9], and broad tunability and offer the opportunity, as a result of the longer fluorescence wavelength compared to erbium, to extend the emission from fiber lasers into the mid-IR region while utilizing a diode-pumped format and operation at room temperature.The 5 I 6 → 5 I 7 laser transition of Ho 3þ is potentially selfterminating because the lifetime of the upper laser level is shorter than the lower laser level lifetime [10], see Fig. 1. As a result, high-power holmium-based fluoride glass fiber lasers have used cascade lasing [11] or codoping with Pr 3þ ions [3] in order to depopulate the lower laser level. In this Letter, we demonstrate using direct diode pumping of the upper laser level, cascade lasing of both the 5 I 6 → 5 I 7 and 5 I 7 → 5 I 8 laser transitions. With the use of holmium-only doping so that the lower laser level is not efficiently de-excited and a long fiber length that produces a high threshold for the 5 I 7 → 5 I 8 laser transiti...

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Room temperature cw fibre laser at 3.5 μm in Er ³⁺ -doped ZBLAN glass

Cited by 95 publications

References 2 publications

Recent Advances in 3.5 μm Erbium-Doped Mid-Infrared Fiber Lasers

Recent Advances in 3.5 μm Erbium-Doped Mid-Infrared Fiber Lasers

New energy-transfer upconversion process in Er^3+:ZBLAN mid-infrared fiber lasers

High-power diode-pumped fiber laser operating at 3 μm

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Room temperature cw fibre laser at 3.5 μm in Er 3+ -doped ZBLAN glass

Cited by 95 publications

References 2 publications

Recent Advances in 3.5 μm Erbium-Doped Mid-Infrared Fiber Lasers

Recent Advances in 3.5 μm Erbium-Doped Mid-Infrared Fiber Lasers

New energy-transfer upconversion process in Er^3+:ZBLAN mid-infrared fiber lasers

High-power diode-pumped fiber laser operating at 3 μm

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About

Room temperature cw fibre laser at 3.5 μm in Er ³⁺ -doped ZBLAN glass