Room temperature three-photon pumped CH3NH3PbBr3 perovskite microlasers

exceptional properties including high photostability, extremely long charge diffusion length, and thermal stability. The perovskites have become emerging high-performance materials for various optoelectronic applications such as solar cells, [1][2][3] light emitting diodes, [4,5] photodetectors, [6,7] and lasers. [8,9] The halide perovskites also exhibit strong nonlinear optical (NLO) responses, thus opening up possibilities for optoelectronic device applications. [10][11][12][13][14] For instance, organic-inorganic hybrid perovskites with large two-and three-photon absorption (2PA, 3PA) properties [14][15][16] can be utilized in applications such as bioimaging, [17,18] optical limiting, [19] optical sensor protection, [20] and optical data storage. [21] Nonlinear absorption properties of single crystal, nanocrystal, and filmed perovskites have been intensively studied. [10][11][12][13][14][15][16][22][23][24] Recently, lead halide perovskites such as MAPbI 3 (MA = CH 3 NH 3 ) and MAPbBr 3 have shown higher multiphoton absorption (MPA) probability as the excitation wavelength increases in the IR region. [10][11][12][13][14][22][23][24] Johnson et al. [25] reported that the observation of third-order nonlinearities and decay kinetics in MAPbBr 3 and MAPbBr 2 I with different halogen composition. They showed that the third-order nonlinearities of these materials are larger than those of conventional semiconductors. The photoluminescence of MAPbBr 3 single crystal has also been observed in the green region (522-550 nm) with 1044 nm femtosecond laser excitation due to 2PA. [26] Similar nonlinear optical properties were reported in inorganic perovskites, including CsPbI 3 and CsPbBr 3 . [22,27,28] Another type of perovskite, formamidinium lead iodide (FAPbI 3 ), has a low bandgap (1.47 eV) and greater photostability and thermal stability [29,30] than MAPbI 3 . However, FAPbI 3 has a weak structural stability due to humidity, which prevents it from real-life applications. [31] Recently, it has been demonstrated that the mixture of Cs and MAPbI 3 , CsMAPbI 3 , can lead to a stable solar cell with power conversion efficiency of ≈8%. [32] In addition, the mixture of Cs in FAPbI 3 , such as FA 0.9 Cs 0.1 PbI 3 , showed an improved thermal stability and results in high power conversion efficiency of ≈16.5%. [33] By using this material, Yi et al. have demonstrated power conversion efficiency up to 18% with a halide mixer I/Br. [34] The malleable association The versatility of perovskites through chemical composition modification is critical for enhancing performance of a range of potential applications such as light emitters and integrated photovoltaics. However, a systematic study on the nonlinear optical (NLO) responses of these perovskites is still lacking. Here, for the first time, the NLO properties of triple cation mixed halide perovskite (TCMHP) films, (Cs 0.06 FA 0.79 MA 0.15 )Pb (I 0.85 Br 0.15 ) 3 , using Z-scan and time-resolved spectroscopy, are investigated. It is found that TCMHP film shows strong saturable abs...

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 49%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

See 1 more Smart Citation

Giant Nonlinear Optical Response in Triple Cation Halide Mixed Perovskite Films

Hamad

Kong

Venkatesh

et al. 2020

“…With one‐photon pumping, the charge carriers are predominantly injected near the microcrystal surface due to the large absorption coefficient. The surface charge carrier trapping could easily dominate over other influences in determine the lasing threshold (this typically happened in the size of few micrometers) . Additionally, both of the previously discussed Q factor and light confinement should increase with cavity length.…”

Section: Size Dependence Lasing In Perovskite Micro‐/nanostructuresmentioning

confidence: 99%

Recent Progress in Metal Halide Perovskite Micro‐ and Nanolasers

Wei

Liang

et al. 2019

112

Lead halide perovskites are considered as very promising photovoltaic materials due to their tunable direct bandgaps, large absorption coefficients, long carrier diffusion lengths, and ultralow trap state densities, etc. With these unique properties, the lead halide perovskites have also demonstrated great potential for use as semiconductor gain materials. In this review, a snapshot on the recent advances of lead halide perovskite micro‐ and nanolasers is given. The dependence of lasing performance on the perovskite dimensionality, crystal size, and operation temperature is systematically discussed. Furthermore, the development of continuous wave (cw) pumped perovskite lasers and lead‐free perovskite lasers is also summarized. In the final section, the challenges and future prospects of metal halide perovskite lasers are provided. These pieces of knowledge would help advancing the development of perovskite on‐chip coherent light sources.

“…Gao et al demonstrated that the single crystal MAPbBr 3 perovskite microstructures displayed the three‐photon process, which showed the band‐to‐band PL at 540 nm when they are pumped with 1240 nm lasers, and the three‐photon‐absorption coefficient as large as γ = 2.26 × 10 −5 cm 3 GW −2 . Base on it, the first report about experimental WGM microlasers have been achieved from MAPbBr 3 perovskites (Figure e) . Different from other works, Tang et al also developed a new type of all‐organic CsPb 2 Br 5 perovskite and demonstrated large optical gain and two‐photon pumped lasing emission in these microplate which is related to its unique spatially distinguished valence/conduction band edge states originating from the intrinsic sandwiched structure .…”

Section: Perovskite Laser Applicationsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Tunable Halide Perovskites for Miniaturized Solid‐State Laser Applications

Liao

Jin

2019

Halide perovskites have shown great potential in optoelectronic applications, such as a record photovoltaic efficiency of 23.3%, and an achievement of external quantum efficiency beyond 20% in perovskite light‐emitting diodes, as well as other promising demonstrations of light‐emitting transistors and photodetectors. Moreover, the extraordinary optoelectronic properties of optical absorption, high photoluminescence quantum yield, low non‐radiative recombination rates, large and balanced charge‐carrier mobilities, and high gain coefficients extend their applications into the coherent light sources (laser) field. However, although halide perovskites have made great progress, the realization of solid‐state electrically pumped lasers has not been achieved yet. This review starts with a discussion of the structure, optical properties, and gain behaviors of various perovskite materials. Then, the rapid advances of perovskite‐based laser applications are reviewed, in which they are mainly classified into three sections: optically pumping lasers, strong‐coupling lasers, and continuous‐wave pumped lasers. Finally, the conclusions and some remaining challenges for perovskite electrically driven lasers are highlighted.