Root and shoot growth, seed composition, and yield components of no-till rainfed soybean under variable potassium

Abstract

Spatial soil-K availability for no-till soybean [Glycine max (L.) Merr.] has not been studied extensively. We characterize soybean growth-and yield-component and quantify root parameters as a function of soil depth in K-stratified soils with 1 M ammonium acetate extractable-K ranges 60-290 at 0-10 cm increment and 50-90 mg kg −1 at the 10-20 cm increment. Shoots and roots (five depth increments to 50 cm) were collected during development and grain at harvest during 2 years. Soil K at or above the critical level (104 mg K kg −1 ) increased early-season leaf area and root K-uptake rates early and late in reproductive development. Greater number of seeds plant −1 increased yield for soils with K near the critical level.

The influence of different forms and concentrations of potassium nutrition on growth and alkaloid metabolism in Catharanthus roseus seedlings

“…Nearly the same results were obtained by Fernández et al (2009) in soybean. On the other hand, adequate K improved well-balanced nutrition, which might activate the CAT synthesis in root and VLB content.…”

Potassium Fertility Effects Yield Components and Seed Potassium Concentration of Determinate and Indeterminate Soybean

“…Previous research has shown no consistent effect of K fertilization on the filled‐pod size distribution (Nelson et al, 1946; Fernández et al, 2009). Nelson et al (1946) showed the absolute number of pods increased as K fertilization increased, but the percentage of pods having two‐ and three‐cavities was not consistently affected by increasing K‐fertilization rate.…”

“…The literature shows that the response of individual seed weight to K fertility is somewhat inconsistent. In research that documented significant yield increases from K fertilization, Nelson et al (1946) reported significant and dramatic seed yield (137–342%) and individual seed weight increases to K fertilization while others (Bharati et al, 1986; Coale and Grove, 1990; Fernández et al, 2009) reported some numerical individual seed weight differences that were not significantly affected by K fertilization. Specific reasons for the inconsistent individual seed weight response are not clear, but overall seed quality as affected by the severity of K deficiency may be responsible.…”

“…Previously, we described how K fertility influenced the number of pods plant −1 , which, on average, accounted for a lower percentage of the calculated differences among K fertility levels suggesting that the pods of K‐deficient plants might also contain fewer harvestable seeds. Fernández et al (2009) showed that K‐deficient soybean produced a greater percentage of pods with no harvestable seed and Coale and Grove (1990) showed that the number of pods plant −1 , seeds pod −1 , and seeds m −2 were lower in K‐deficient soybean suggesting that the incidence of seed abortion might be greater in K‐deficient soybean.…”

Variability among BRS 8381 soybean (Glycine max (L.) Merrill.) yield components under different liming rates and sowing densities on a savanna in Roraima, Brazil

“…Fernandez et al (2009) observed that an increase in number of pods is one of the characteristics to raise the soybean grain yield, and that the increase of the number of grains per pod can be obtained through environmental conditions and better nutrient intake of soybean plants throughout the cycle. In addition, studies by Duarte et al (2016), on the production components and productivity of the cultivar Anta 82, showed that the grain mass per plant decreased with increased population density.…”