Root and stem rot of chrysanthemum caused by five Pythium species in Japan

Tsukiboshi, Takao; Chikuo, Yoshiaki; Itō, Yoko; Matsushita, Yosuke; Kageyama, Koji

doi:10.1007/s10327-007-0015-y

Cited by 17 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 4 publications

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“…Fig. 4 Growth rate of P. helicoides isolates GDGJ3 and GDGJ6 on PDA P. helicoides, which is more frequent in tropical and subtropical regions, is a well-known plant pathogen that has been reported to cause leaf, stem, root and crown rot, damping off, and leaf blight in several host plants worldwide (Chellemi et al 2000;Drechsler 1930;Guha Roy and Hong 2008;Kageyama et al 2002;Tsukiboshi et al 2007;Van der Plaats-Niterink 1981;Watanabe et al 2007;Yang et al 2013 (Dou et al 2010;Huang 2009), but there are no records of its occurrence in citrus. Therefore, this is the first report of P. helicoides causing stem rot of Shatangju mandarin seedlings in China.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

“…In the USA, it was found that P. helicoides was virulent in several crops such as bell pepper and caused root and stem rot of Begonia (Chellemi et al 2000;Yang et al 2013). In Japan, the species was identified to infect miniature r o s e , a n d t o c a u s e r o o t a n d s t e m r o t o f Chrysanthemum and Kalanchoe (Kageyama et al 2002;Tsukiboshi et al 2007;Watanabe et al 2007). The disease transmission test on miniature roses showed that the disease spread throughout the bench 10 days post-inoculation of the plants placed in the bench center (Kageyama et al 2002).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

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Identification and characterization of Phytopythium helicoides causing stem rot of Shatangju mandarin seedlings in China

et al. 2016

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Citrus mandarin (Citrus reticulata) cultivar Shatangju has great economic importance in southern China because of its delicious fruit and medicinal peel. During surveys conducted in 2012 and 2013, stem rot and plant death were observed on 2-to 3-year-old Shatangju grafted seedlings in 21 nurseries located in three regions (Yangjiang City, Sihui City and Deqing County) of Guangdong Province, China. The aims of this study were to characterize the symptoms of seedling stem rot and death; evaluate the incidence and loss; identify the causal agent and evaluate its pathogenicity. The disease was present in all surveyed nurseries but incidence varied with location. A Pythium-like oomycete was consistently obtained from symptomatic plants collected in the nurseries surveyed. On the basis of morphological and cultural characteristics and combined phylogenetic analysis of three DNA sequences including the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS), mitochondrial CoxI and CoxII genes, 21 of the isolates obtained were identified as belonging to the species Phytopythium helicoides. The isolates were pathogenic to the scions but not rootstocks of Shatangju mandarin seedlings cultivated in a controlled greenhouse and symptoms identical to that observed in the field were reproduced. The pathogen was re-isolated consistently from the inoculated plants, confirming Koch's postulates. Seedling stem rot and eventual death caused by P. helicoides represents a serious threat to Shatangju mandarin nursery productivity and longevity in southern China.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 98%

Identification and characterization of Phytopythium helicoides causing stem rot of Shatangju mandarin seedlings in China

et al. 2016

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“…), which originated in Asia and Northeastern Europe, has been cultivated for more than 1600 years [1,2]. It is widely cultivated for ornamental, culinary, and medicinal uses throughout the world.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The total amount of the macro-elements applied with the mineral and organic fertilizers was as follows: NPK: 60.0 mg N pot −1 ; 13.1 mg P pot −1 ; 41.2 mg K pot −1 ; L1: 36.8 mg N pot −1 ; 0.5 mg P pot −1 ; 9.1 mg K pot −1 ; L2: 35.0 mg N pot −1 ; 2.9 mg P pot −1 ; 40.4 mg K pot −1 ; L3: 18.4 mg N pot −1 ; 0.3 mg P pot −1 ; 24.6 mg K pot −1 ; L4: 15.1 mg N pot −1 ; 3.3 mg P pot −1 ; 12.5 mg K pot −1 ; and L5: 27.4 mg N pot −1 ; 4.1 mg P pot −1 ; 14.6 mg K pot −1 . Notes: 1 The concentration of N, P, and K in the mineral and organic fertilizers was determined by the chemical analysis methods in Section 2.3; 2 OFDC, Organic Food Development Center; 3 EU, European Union.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of Liquid Organic Fertilizers on Plant Growth and Rhizosphere Soil Characteristics of Chrysanthemum

Gao²,

Shi

et al. 2017

Sustainability

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Abstract:Organic fertilizers are generally thought to be an effective way to sustain soil fertility and plant growth. To promote the productivity of chrysanthemum, five sources of liquid organic fertilizers (L1-L5), as well as a chemical fertilizer, were applied at an early stage of the growth cycle to investigate their effects on plant growth. In the short-term pot experiment, the liquid organic fertilizers significantly promoted root and aboveground growth by 10.2-77.8% and 10.7-33.3%, respectively, compared with the chemical fertilizer. The order of growth promotion was: L1 (shrimp extracts) > L2 (plant decomposition) > L4 (seaweed extracts)/L5 (fish extracts) > L3 (vermicompost). Morphological and chemical analyses indicated that, compared with other organic fertilizers, the treatment with shrimp extract (L1) produced the greatest increases in root dry weight, total length, surface area, volume, tips, and thick root length, respectively. Furthermore, the shrimp extract treatment significantly increased the nutrient contents and altered the soil's functional microbial community at the rhizospheric level compared with the chemical fertilizer treatment. Thus, the shrimp extract liquid organic fertilizer could be part of an effective alternative to chemical fertilization during the early stage of chrysanthemum growth.

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“…The pathogen also affects cutting roses grown in rock wool culture, a hydroponic culture system in which the nutrient solution is recirculated. Recently, P. helicoides was reported to cause root and crown rots of strawberry and damping-off of chrysanthemum (Suzuki et al 2005;Watanabe et al 2005;Tsukiboshi et al 2007). Furthermore, P. aphanidermatum and P. myriotylum are also important pathogens in hydroponic culture systems, causing root rot of cucumber, tomato, tobacco, bell pepper, floral crops, lettuce, artichoke and other many crops (Moulin et al 1994;Jenkins and Averre 1983;Anderson et al 1997;Chellemi et al 2000;Moorman et al 2002;Stanghellini et al 1998Stanghellini et al , 2000a.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 97%

Bait method to detect Pythium species that grow at high temperatures in hydroponic solutions

et al. 2008

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Pythium helicoides, P. aphanidermatum and P. myriotylum are important pathogens that cause root rot of several crops in hydroponic culture and in ebb-and-flow irrigation systems. These species belong to a group of Pythium species that can grow at temperatures higher than 40°C. We developed a method for baiting these high-temperature Pythium species and evaluated its practicality to monitor their presence in nutrient solutions. Seeds of cucumber, tomato, radish, hemp, perilla and millet and leaves of bent grass and rose were tested as baits in hydroponic systems. Hemp, perilla and radish seeds and bent grass and rose leaves were more effective than the other baits for Pythium zoospores, and bent grass leaves were the most effective. In a sensitivity test, bent grass leaf traps (BLTs) detected three Pythium species after only a 1 day exposure to suspensions of 40 zoospores per liter of water, and the frequency of detection increased with zoospore density and with baiting period. A temperature of 38°C was optimum for the selective reisolation of the high-temperature Pythium species from the BLTs. The BLT was also tested with inoculated and noninoculated miniature roses that shared a recirculating nutrient solution. The pathogen was detected in the nutrient solution 23 days before the disease spread to the noninoculated roses. In addition, P. helicoides was detected 30 days before the disease was evident in a commercial greenhouse. The baiting method described here will be useful for monitoring high-temperature Pythium species in recirculating hydroponic culture systems.

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Root and stem rot of chrysanthemum caused by five Pythium species in Japan

Cited by 17 publications

References 4 publications

Identification and characterization of Phytopythium helicoides causing stem rot of Shatangju mandarin seedlings in China

Identification and characterization of Phytopythium helicoides causing stem rot of Shatangju mandarin seedlings in China

Effects of Liquid Organic Fertilizers on Plant Growth and Rhizosphere Soil Characteristics of Chrysanthemum

Bait method to detect Pythium species that grow at high temperatures in hydroponic solutions

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