Root morphological‐physiological traits for <i>japonica/indica</i> hybrid rice with better yield performance under low N conditions

Chu, Guang; Xu, Ran; Chen, Song; Xu, Chunmei; Liu, Yuanhui; Abliz, Buhailiqem; Zhang, Xiufu; Wang, Danying

doi:10.1002/fes3.355

Cited by 10 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 72 publications

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“…by Du et al [51]. It has been shown that root biomass and root morphology were the two factors that improve the nitrogen uptake efficiency of plants [52], which is consistent with the positive correlation between RB and RNA under different nitrogen addition conditions of the Pinus tabuliformis root system in this study (Figure 5). Nitrogen forms did not only affect the dry matter accumulation and nitrogen accumulation of Pinus tabuliformis, but also differed in the root form.…”

Section: Effects Of Different Nitrogen Addition Methods On Nitrogen A...supporting

confidence: 89%

Effects of Nitrogen Forms on Root Morphology and Nitrogen Accumulation in Pinus tabuliformis carr. Seedlings under Exponential Fertilization

Liu,

Li,

et al. 2024

Forests

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In this study, the effects of different fertilization methods and nitrogen forms on the root morphology and nitrogen accumulation of Pinus tabuliformis carr. were investigated, and the interaction mechanism between roots and nitrogen fertilizer was analyzed to provide a theoretical basis for the rational fertilization of Pinus tabuliformis. The total amount of nitrogen fertilizer applied to seedlings was 100 mg·plant−1; four nitrogen form treatments of ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, ammonium nitrate 1:1, and amide nitrogen were set up; and two fertilization methods of conventional and exponential fertilization were applied, with a total of eight experimental treatments. By measuring root parameters, plant biomass, and nitrogen accumulation, the correlation between fertilization method and nitrogen form on the root index of seedlings was analyzed, and the effects of fertilization methods and nitrogen forms on the root growth of seedlings were discussed. Compared with conventional fertilization, exponential fertilization significantly promoted root growth and development, and amide nitrogen was the best nitrogen form. The total length, total surface area, total volume, average diameter, root tips, root/shoot ratio, root tissue density of seedlings’ roots, biomass, and nitrogen accumulation of seedlings in exponential fertilization with amide nitrogen EF3 treatment all increased substantially compared with the others, The effects of fertilization mode, nitrogen form, and their interaction on the partial growth of Pinus tabuliformis seedlings were significant (p < 0.05). The correlation analysis of each index showed that the correlation between nitrogen accumulation and biomass was strongest. Therefore, considering the morphological and structural characteristics of the root system and the nitrogen accumulation in the root system, amide nitrogen in the experimental fertilization can better promote the growth and development of the root system of seedlings.

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Section: Effects Of Different Nitrogen Addition Methods On Nitrogen A...supporting

confidence: 89%

Effects of Nitrogen Forms on Root Morphology and Nitrogen Accumulation in Pinus tabuliformis carr. Seedlings under Exponential Fertilization

Liu,

Li,

et al. 2024

Forests

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“…Studies have shown that root morphological characteristics (including root length, root volume, density, and other factors) have a positive effect on nitrogen absorption [34,35]. Chu et al's [20] research showed that when the amount of nitrogen application was insufficient, crops could improve nitrogen absorption by increasing deep RLD and RVD. When nitrogen was appropriate, RLD and RVD increased significantly, which was conducive to reducing the loss of nitrogen in the soil [36].…”

Section: Effect Of Nitrogen Application On the Morphological Characte...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…When the nitrogen application level was increased to 180 kg•ha −1 , the activity of antioxidant enzymes no longer increased, but decreased. A suitable amount of nitrogen application is beneficial to the transfer of assimilates for spike and yield improvement, while excessive nitrogen application will lead to excessive nutrient growth in the early stage and affect the transfer of dry matter accumulation and yield improvement [20]. Zheng et al [21] found that spike dry matter and yields increased with increasing N application in the range of 0-180 kg/ha in the wheat region of the North China Plain, and yields increased by 14.23-23.24%, with no significant changes or a decreasing trend in each index when N application increased to 240 kg•ha −1 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of Nitrogen Application on Root and Yield Traits of Chinese Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under Drip Irrigation

Wang

Jiang

et al. 2022

Agronomy

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To clarify the regulatory effects of different N fertilizer treatments on the root morphology, physiological characteristics, and assimilate accumulation of drip-irrigated spring wheat under the northern border climate, we used strong wheat Xinchun 38 (cv. XC 38) and medium gluten wheat Xinchun 49 (cv. XC 49) as test materials in 2019 and 2020, and cultivated them in soil columns at Nck (300 kg·ha−1), A1 (240 kg·ha−1), A2 (210 kg·ha−1), and N0 (0 kg·ha−1). We also studied the effects of N application on root morphological characteristics, key enzymes of N metabolism, antioxidant enzymes, dry matter accumulation distribution, and yield of drip-irrigated wheat. The results showed that the root morphological characteristics, key enzymes of nitrogen metabolism, antioxidant enzymes, shoot dry matter accumulation, spike dry matter, and yield all showed an increasing and then decreasing trend with increasing nitrogen application. Among them, A1 treatment showed the best root length density (RLD), root volume density (RVD), root mass density (RMD), nitrate reductase (NR), glutamine synthetase (GS), glutamate synthetase (GOGAT), glutamic-pyruvic transaminase (GPT), superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), root activity, shoot dry matter accumulation, spike dry matter, and yield, which were significantly higher than other treatments. The malondialdehyde (MDA) content decreased by 3.36–15.70% compared with other treatments. Correlation analysis showed that yields were positively correlated with RLD, RVD, RMD, GS, and GPT and negatively correlated with MDA. Nitrogen treatments and varietal intercropping had significant effects on RLD, root activity, NR, GS, GPT, POD, and yield. Therefore, moderate N reduction (240 kg·ha−1) under the drip irrigation pattern in Xinjiang can improve the morphological characteristics and physiological functions of wheat roots, promote the distribution and transport of dry matter to spikes, and facilitate yield formation.

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“…Increased CTK activity can facilitate increased spikelet numbers per panicle and rice yield [42]. N fertilizer can promote the biosynthesis and transmembrane transport of CTK, enhance rice root activity, and promote grain yield [43,44]. In our experiment, the strong root oxidation ability and Z + ZR contents in roots under 270T treatment can promote the transport of NSC from stems to grains, increase the activity of critical enzymes in sucrose-starch metabolism, promote rice grain filling, and thus increase rice yield.…”

Section: Physiological Mechanisms Of N Fertilizer Affecting Rice Yieldmentioning

confidence: 99%

Optimizing Nitrogen Regime Improves Dry Matter and Nitrogen Accumulation during Grain Filling to Increase Rice Yield

Zhou,

Liu,

Zhuo

et al. 2023

Agronomy

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Nitrogen (N) fertilizer is a critical element that affects rice yield. However, its effects on dry matter accumulation (DMA), N accumulation, and their physiological mechanisms with grain yield and N utilization efficiency still lack in-depth study. Three large-scale japonica rice varieties—Jinxiangyu 1, Nanjing 46, and Huaidao 5—were used in two field experiments with varying N fertilizer application rates to examine grain yield and N utilization efficiency. The results showed that: (1) In the range of 0~360 kg ha−1 total N application rate (TNAR), the rice yields of the three cultivars were maximum under the TNAR at 270 kg ha−1. The optimal TNAR for the highest yield of Jinxiangyu 1, Nanjing 46, and Huaidao 5 were calculated based on quadratic regressions with values of 305.5 kg ha−1, 307.6 kg ha−1, and 298.0 kg ha−1, and the corresponding yields were 10.3 t ha−1, 10.6 t ha−1 and 10.2 t ha−1, respectively. The N utilization efficiency decreased gradually with the increase in TNAR, and the recovery efficiency decreased from 35.7~38.19% to 29.61~31.59%. (2) The yield was significantly positively correlated with DMA and N accumulation from the heading stage (HD) to the maturity stage (MA). The DMA and N accumulation of HD-MA were significantly positively correlated with leaf photosynthetic rate, non-structural carbohydrate (NSC) accumulation in stems, root oxidation activity, zeatin (Z) + zeatin riboside (ZR) contents in roots, and nitrate reductase (NR) and glutamate synthase (GOGAT) activity in HD. (3) In the range of 0~216 kg ha−1 panicle N application rate (PNAR), the rice yield was maximum under the PNAR at 108 kg ha−1. The optimal PNAR for the highest yield of Jinxiangyu 1 was calculated based on the quadratic regression with values of 139.5 kg ha−1, and the highest yield was 9.72 t ha−1. The leaf photosynthetic rate, NSC accumulation in stems, root oxidation activity, Z + ZR contents in roots, and NR activity in leaves in rice were higher under 108 kg ha−1 PNAR. Excessive application of panicle fertilizer reduced the above physiological indicators and rice yield. The above results showed that optimizing N fertilizer could increase the leaf photosynthetic rate, NSC accumulation in stems, root oxidation activity, Z + ZR contents in roots, and NR activity from HD to MA, which was beneficial to improving DMA and N uptake during HD-MA, thus improving grain yield and N utilization efficiency in rice.

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Root morphological‐physiological traits for japonica/indica hybrid rice with better yield performance under low N conditions

Cited by 10 publications

References 72 publications

Effects of Nitrogen Forms on Root Morphology and Nitrogen Accumulation in Pinus tabuliformis carr. Seedlings under Exponential Fertilization

Effects of Nitrogen Forms on Root Morphology and Nitrogen Accumulation in Pinus tabuliformis carr. Seedlings under Exponential Fertilization

Effect of Nitrogen Application on Root and Yield Traits of Chinese Spring Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) under Drip Irrigation

Optimizing Nitrogen Regime Improves Dry Matter and Nitrogen Accumulation during Grain Filling to Increase Rice Yield

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