Root Traits and Phenotyping Strategies for Plant Improvement

Páez-García, Ana; Motes, Christy M.; Scheible, Wolf‐Rüdiger; Chen, Rujin; Blancaflor, Elison B.; Monteros, María J.

doi:10.3390/plants4020334

Cited by 321 publications

(239 citation statements)

References 119 publications

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“…The spatial distribution of all root parts in a particular growth environment is referred to as root system architecture and defines the available zone of water and nutrients. This plays an important role in abiotic stress tolerance, crop performance and yield [29]. Root architecture is dynamic and affected by the external environment that impacts the way in which a plant detects and responds to its surroundings [30,31].…”

Section: Controlling Water Uptake Through Roots Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Plant Water Use Efficiency through Molecular Genetics

et al. 2017

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Improving crop performance under water-limiting conditions is essential for achieving environmentally sustainable food production. This requires significant progress in both the identification and characterization of key genetic and physiological processes involved in water uptake and loss. Plants regulate water uptake and loss through both developmental and environmental responses. These responses include: root morphology and architecture, cuticle development, stomatal development, and guard cell movements in response to the environment. Genes controlling root traits and stomatal development and guard cell movements strongly impact water use efficiency (WUE), and represent the best targets for molecular breeding programs. This article provides an overview of the complex networks of genes involved in water uptake and loss. These traits represent novel opportunities and strategies for genetic improvement of WUE and drought tolerance in crops.

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Section: Controlling Water Uptake Through Roots Architecturementioning

confidence: 99%

Improving Plant Water Use Efficiency through Molecular Genetics

et al. 2017

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“…According to Akpan and Mbah (2016), the root system is the link between the soil nutrient and plant productivity. Paez-Garcia et al (2015) noted that different root traits enable plants to respond, adapt and thrive in different environments, which implies that root traits can be the focus of crop breeding effort. Watanabe et al (1997), Singh et al (1999) and Comas et al (2013) identified large root diameters, long roots and heavy root biomass and density as traits associated with the development of plant productivity in drought conditions.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Evaluation of cowpea root system and yield traits in humid tropical agro-ecology

Ittah¹,

Arua²

2017

Afr. J. Agric. Res.

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Roots are essential to plants and can be the focus for yield improvement in the environment the plant grows. The objectives of this study were to evaluate some yield components and root traits in cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L) Walp) and establish the linear association between the yield and root traits to explore improvement potentials of the crop in humid ecosystem. Ten cowpea accessions were tested in Calabar, Nigeria with humid tropical rainforest ecology. The accessions were grown in perforated polyethylene pipes arranged in completely randomized design, in five replications and on the field arranged in a randomized complete block design, in three replications. TVu-215 had longest roots, heaviest root biomass and largest root volume. TVu-10983, TVu-1515 and TVu-7906 also had long roots. TVu-7857, TVu-1130, TVu-1131, TVu-215 and TVu-1515 had the greatest root density. With respect to yield traits, TVu-1131 and TVu-16196 had the highest yield per hectare; TVu-7857 also had high yield per hectare. Root traits did not significantly correlate with most of the yield traits, but there was significant negative moderate correlation (-0.51) between root volume and number of pods per plant. Root of cowpea does not require much robustness in humid ecology to absorb water and nutrient, which accounts for the non-significant correlation between root system and yield traits in the environment. TVu-16196, TVu-1130, TVu-1131, TVu-215, TVu-7857 and TVu-1515 are selected for the improvement of the root and yield traits.

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“…Functions like plant adaptation are played by different TFs which are capable of regulating several downstream genes essential for protection against drought [58,59]. TFs are potential candidate genes for developing drought tolerant plants and regulators of various genes that help the plants to effectively sustain drought stress.…”

Section: Genetic Engineering Of Crop Plants For Drought Tolerance: Romentioning

confidence: 99%

Breeding and genomics approaches to increase crop yield under drought stress in climate change scenario

Shah¹,

Salgotra²,

Wani³

et al. 2017

Eur J Exp Bio

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Climate change has been a threat to food security challenges. Climate change presents an additional stress on food security challenges as it affects production of food in many ways. Among various stresses, drought is a big concern and rising at an alarming rate with climate change. Scientific approaches are being tried to understand the mechanisms of drought stress. The emergence of new molecular biology approaches and new sequencing as well as phenotyping platforms good research progress has been made in regard to drought and drought resistance mechanisms via identification of quantitative trait loci or genes responsible for drought tolerance mechanisms through Qtl mapping, Family based Qtl mapping, Linkage disequilibrium, Structural and Functional genomics approaches. Genome wide selection methods have been used for the current world concern of drought which will eventually lead to climate resilient crops and will solve the problem of food insecurity in near future. Huge data are being derived from genome wide selection (GWS) studies at the transcriptomics, proteomics and metabolomics levels, but how efficiently to explore and exploit these data to extract the essential functional pathways or networks for genetic improvement of drought resistance remains a significant challenge.

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Root Traits and Phenotyping Strategies for Plant Improvement

Cited by 321 publications

References 119 publications

Improving Plant Water Use Efficiency through Molecular Genetics

Improving Plant Water Use Efficiency through Molecular Genetics

Evaluation of cowpea root system and yield traits in humid tropical agro-ecology

Breeding and genomics approaches to increase crop yield under drought stress in climate change scenario

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