Rossby–Khantadze electromagnetic planetary vortical motions in the ionospheric E-layer

Abstract

It is shown that in the earth's conductive ionospheric E-region, large-scale ultra low-frequency Rossby and Khantadze electromagnetic waves can propagate. Along with the prevalent effect of Hall conductivity for these waves, the latitudinal inhomogeneity of both the earth's angular velocity and the geomagnetic field becomes essential. Action of these effects leads to the coupled propagation of electromagnetic Rossby and Khantadze modes. Linear propagation properties of these waves are given in detail. It is shown that the waves lose the dispersing property for large values of wave numbers. Corresponding nonlinear solitary vortical structures are constructed. Conditions for such self-organization are given. It is shown that nonlinear large-scale vortices generate the stronger pulses of the geomagnetic field than the corresponding linear waves. Previous investigations are revised.

Nonlinear propagation of Rossby-Khantadze electromagnetic planetary waves in the ionospheric E-layer

“…Analysis of Ref. 5 shows that only the z-component of the magnetic induction perturbation is significant, i.e., dB z ðx; y; zÞ ¼ b. Then, from Eq.…”

“…The study of the generation and the dynamics of planetary Rossby waves that are induced by the spatial inhomogeneity of the Earth's angular velocity in the ionospheric plasma has accordingly been a subject of a great deal of theoretical and experimental investigations in recent years. 4,5 The presence of charged particles from the low density n e plasma component in the lower ionosphere adds a new branch of low-frequency waves in the thermosphere-ionosphere system.…”

Generation of Zonal Flow and Magnetic Field by Planetary Waves in the Earth’s Ionosphere

“…Latitudinal inhomogeneity of both the Coriolis parameter and the geomagnetic field, and also caused by the gravitation so called stratification under the ionospheric conditions lead to the coupling of different electromagnetic (EM) planetary waves such as coupled Rosssby-Khantadze (CRK) [12] [13], Internal-Gravity-Alfven (CIGA) [14], Rossby-Alfven-Khantadze modes (CRAK) [15] [16] and drift-Alfven modes (CDA) [17] [18]. According to the nowadays presentations sheared zonal flows are created by the nonhomogeneous heating of the atmospheric layers by solar radiation.…”

“…It is shown that in the Earth's E-layer under the prevalent Hall conductivity due to the latitudinal non-homogeneity of geomagnetic field, slow and fast waves can couple and form EM CRK waves (see details in[12] [13] [26] [27] [29][30]). A linear dispersion relation for the CRK waves is obtained.…”

Generation of zonal flow in the Earthʼs dissipative ionospheric F-layer

“…In this layer the dominant effect is transverse (Pedersen) conductivity, which is responsible for Joule losses, acts as viscosity and gives rise to additional, so-called inductive (magnetic) inhibition [1]. Investigations carried out in [2] show that the dynamics of Rossby wave nonlinear vortex structures is described by the equation…”