The key to controlling the spread of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and
reducing mortality is highly dependent on the safe and effective use of vaccines for the
general population. Current COVID-19 vaccination practices (intramuscular injection of
solution-based vaccines) are limited by heavy reliance on medical professionals, poor
compliance, and laborious vaccination recording procedures, resulting in a waste of
health resources and low vaccination coverage,
etc.
In this study, we
developed a smart mushroom-inspired imprintable and lightly detachable (MILD)
microneedle platform for the effective and convenient delivery of multidose COVID-19
vaccines and decentralized vaccine information storage. The mushroom-like structure
allows the MILD system to be easily pressed into the skin and detached from the patch
base, acting as a “tattoo” to record the vaccine counts
in
situ
without any storage equipment, offering quick accessibility and
effortless readout, saving a great deal of valuable time and energy for both patients
and health professionals. After loading inactivated SARS-CoV-2 virus-based vaccines,
MILD system induced a high level of antibodies against the SARS-CoV-2 receptor-binding
domain (RBD)
in vivo
without eliciting systemic toxicity and local
damage. Collectively, this smart delivery platform serves as a promising carrier to
improve COVID-19 vaccination efficacy through its dual capabilities of vaccine delivery
and
in situ
data storage, thus exhibiting great potential for helping
to contain the COVID-19 pandemic or a resurgence.