Rotenoids from Boerhaavia diffusa as Potential Anti-inflammatory Agents

Abstract

Five new (2, 3, 5, 7, and 9) and four known rotenoids (1, 4, 6, and 8) were isolated from a methanol extract of Boerhaavia diffusa roots. The structures of the new rotenoids were elucidated by spectroscopic data interpretation. The 70% ethanol extract, a rotenoid-rich fraction, and all isolated rotenoids were evaluated for their COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitory activities. Among the rotenoids tested, compound 7 showed the most potent COX-1 and COX-2 inhibition, with IC₅₀ values of 21.7 ± 0.5 and 25.5 ± 0.6 μM, respectively. Boeravinone B (6) exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity (56.6% at 50 mg/kg) when evaluated in an in vivo carrageenan-induced rat paw model.

Sesquiterpenoids and xanthones derivatives produced by sponge-derived fungus Stachybotry sp. HH1 ZSDS1F1-2

“…21 Hence, the compounds isolated were tested for COX-2 inhibitory activity using the COX (ovine) inhibitor screening kit, as per the manufacturer's instructions. The COX-2 enzyme catalyze the biosynthesis of PGH 2 from arachidonic acid.…”

Quantitative Analysis of Boeravinones in the Roots of Boerhaavia Diffusa by UPLC/PDA

“…A series of boeravinones, namely boeravinone A–J have been reported from B. diffusa roots (Kadota et al ., ; Lami et al ., , ; Borrelli et al ., ; Ahmed‐Belkacem et al ., ). Recently, boeravinone K–O were reported from aerial parts of B. erecta (Do et al ., ), and we have reported a further four new boeravinones (P–S) from B. diffusa roots (Bairwa et al ., , ).…”

Polyherbal Medicine Divya Sarva-Kalp-Kwath Ameliorates Persistent Carbon Tetrachloride Induced Biochemical and Pathological Liver Impairments in Wistar Rats and in HepG2 Cells

“…Herbal component of SKK, B. diffusa L. plant also known as "Punarnava" possesses a variety of isoflavinoids such as rotenoids, flavonoids, flavonoid glycosides, xanthones, lignans, ecdysteroids, and steroids. Several of these plant metabolites such as rotenoids (Boeravinone A-G), kaempferol, and quercetin have been proven for their role in hepatoprotective activity (Lami et al, 1990;Borrelli et al, 2005;Ferreres et al, 2005;Pereira et al, 2009;Bairwa et al, 2013). B. diffusa L. plant extract has been found to modulate CCl 4 induced liver injury in stimulated animals through the reduction of cytochrome (CYP) enzyme activities (Ramachandra et al, 2011;Venkatesh et al, 2012;Bairwa et al, 2013;Patel and Verma, 2014;Ekow Thomford et al, 2018;Juneja et al, 2020).…”