Routes of Exposure to Humans and Bioavailability

Jaworski, Jon-Paul; Baldi, Fabio; Bernhard, M.; Brinckman, F. E.; Hecht, H.; Kloke, A.; Legović, Tarzan; McKenzie, Judith L.; Nriagu, Jerome O.; Page, A. L.; Sauerbeck, Dieter; Wasserman, K. J.

doi:10.1007/978-3-642-69314-4_22

“…Scirpus robustus exhibited substantial enrichment of metals in roots relative to those in seeds (Table 3). This pattern is in agreement with the observed tendency of many metals to become immobilized in root and other below‐ground storage tissues and undergo limited translocation to aboveground structures [27, 28]. Seed:root concentration ratios were relatively low for all metals (Table 3), consistent with findings that seeds typically contain much lower concentrations of heavy metals than other plant parts [12].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 87%

“…This finding was consistent with the greater soil bioavailability and root uptake observed for cadmium compared to most other heavy metals [3, 28]. The lower root:soil PUF for lead (Table 4) was in agreement with the limited uptake of lead by roots [12, 27]. Lead accumulation in roots is commonly overestimated since much of the lead measured in roots is bound tightly on surface deposits and is not biologically assimilated [8, 29].…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 72%

Bioaccumulation of metals in plants, arthropods, and mice at a seasonal wetland

Torres

¹

,

Johnson

²

2001

Enviro Toxic and Chemistry

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Concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, copper, lead, and nickel were measured in soils, house mice (Mus musculus), and the main food items of this omnivorous mouse to examine the occurrence of these metals in selected components of a seasonal wetland. Soil concentrations of copper, lead, and (in some areas) nickel were elevated, but extractable soil concentrations indicated low bioavailability of metals. Levels of most metals in mice and composited arthropods were consistent with reference site concentrations from other studies. However, copper was found to be particularly mobile within the local ecosystem and accumulated in house mouse carcasses and composited arthropods at substantial levels. Metal residues in Scirpus robustus (alkali bulrush) roots exceeded those in seeds, consistent with patterns of bioaccumulation commonly observed in plants. Uptake and bioaccumulation factors for S. robustus seeds and roots, arthropods, and mouse carcasses and livers are reported. Concentrations of lead and nickel in S. robustus roots exhibited significant linear relationships with levels in soils. Copper levels in S. robustus seeds varied significantly with those in house mouse livers, suggesting that trophic transfer of copper from this food source to mice occurred. However, other spatial patterns of bioaccumulation in S. robustus and house mice relative to soil/seed concentrations were absent. Metal levels in house mice bore no relation to body weight or estimated age.

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“…Scirpus robustus exhibited substantial enrichment of metals in roots relative to those in seeds (Table 3). This pattern is in agreement with the observed tendency of many metals to become immobilized in root and other below-ground storage tissues and undergo limited translocation to aboveground structures [27,28]. Seed:root concentration ratios were relatively low for all metals (Table 3), consistent with findings that seeds typically contain much lower concentrations of heavy metals than other plant parts [12].…”

Section: Metal Uptake and Bioaccumulationsupporting

confidence: 88%

“…This finding was consistent with the greater soil bioavailability and root uptake observed for cadmium compared to most other heavy metals [3,28]. The lower root:soil PUF for lead (Table 4) was in agreement with the limited uptake of lead by roots [12,27]. Lead accumulation in roots is commonly overestimated since much of the lead measured in roots is bound tightly on surface deposits and is not biologically assimilated [8,29].…”

Section: Metal Uptake and Bioaccumulationsupporting

confidence: 75%

“…The metal with the highest root:soil PUF was cadmium, with nickel and lead exhibiting the lowest accumulation in roots relative to ambient soil concentrations (Table 4). The lower root:soil PUF for lead (Table 4) was in agreement with the limited uptake of lead by roots [12,27]. The lower root:soil PUF for lead (Table 4) was in agreement with the limited uptake of lead by roots [12,27].…”

Section: Metal Uptake and Bioaccumulationsupporting

confidence: 70%

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Bioaccumulation of Metals in Plants, Arthropods, and Mice at a Seasonal Wetland

Torres¹,

Johnson²

2001

Environ Toxicol Chem

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Concentrations of arsenic, cadmium, copper, lead, and nickel were measured in soils, house mice (Mus musculus), and the main food items of this omnivorous mouse to examine the occurrence of these metals in selected components of a seasonal wetland. Soil concentrations of copper, lead, and (in some areas) nickel were elevated, but extractable soil concentrations indicated low bioavailability of metals. Levels of most metals in mice and composited arthropods were consistent with reference site concentrations from other studies. However, copper was found to be particularly mobile within the local ecosystem and accumulated in house mouse carcasses and composited arthropods at substantial levels. Metal residues in Scirpus robustus (alkali bulrush) roots exceeded those in seeds, consistent with patterns of bioaccumulation commonly observed in plants. Uptake and bioaccumulation factors for S. robustus seeds and roots, arthropods, and mouse carcasses and livers are reported. Concentrations of lead and nickel in S. robustus roots exhibited significant linear relationships with levels in soils. Copper levels in S. robustus seeds varied significantly with those in house mouse livers, suggesting that trophic transfer of copper from this food source to mice occurred. However, other spatial patterns of bioaccumulation in S. robustus and house mice relative to soil/seed concentrations were absent. Metal levels in house mice bore no relation to body weight or estimated age.

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