BackgroundAlterations in taste perception and preferences may contribute to dietary changes and subsequent weight loss following bariatric surgery.MethodsA systematic search was performed to identify all articles investigating gustation, olfaction, and sensory perception in both animal and human studies following bariatric procedures.ResultsTwo hundred fifty-five articles were identified after database searches, bibliography inclusions and deduplication. Sixty-one articles were included. These articles provide evidence supporting changes in taste perception and hedonic taste following bariatric procedures. Taste sensitivity to sweet and fatty stimuli appears to increase post-operatively. Additionally, patients also have a reduced hedonic response to these stimuli.ConclusionsAvailable evidence suggests that there is a change in taste perception following bariatric procedures, which may contribute to long-term maintenance of weight loss following surgery.Electronic supplementary materialThe online version of this article (10.1007/s11695-018-3420-8) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.