Rpv29, Rpv30 and Rpv31: Three Novel Genomic Loci Associated With Resistance to Plasmopara viticola in Vitis vinifera

Sargolzaei, Maryam; Maddalena, Giuliana; Bitsadze, N.; Maghradze, D.; Bianco, P.A.; Failla, O.; Toffolatti, Silvia Laura; Lorenzis, Gabriella De

doi:10.3389/fpls.2020.562432

Cited by 49 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 83 publications

(98 reference statements)

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“…Very recently, new promising downy mildew R loci (Rpv29, Rpv30, and Rpv31) have been identified, through a GWAS (Genome Wide Association Study), in the genetic background of the Georgian V. vinifera germplasm (Figure 6) (Sargolzaei et al, 2020). These new R loci, mapping on chromosome 14, 3 and 16 for Rpv29, 30 and 31, respectively, and conferring from high to very high resistance to downy mildew, seem to be associated with receptors of pathogen effectors, signaling mediated by protein ubiquitination and a cluster of Lr10-like (NB-LRR) effector receptors.…”

Section: Resistance To Grapevine Fungal Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Georgian Grapevine Cultivars: Ancient Biodiversity for Future Viticulture

et al. 2021

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Grapevine (Vitis vinifera) is one of the most widely cultivated plant species of agricultural interest, and is extensively appreciated for its fruits and the wines made from its fruits. Considering the high socio-economic impact of the wine sector all over the world, in recent years, there has been an increase in work aiming to investigate the biodiversity of grapevine germplasm available for breeding programs. Various studies have shed light on the genetic diversity characterizing the germplasm from the cradle of V. vinifera domestication in Georgia (South Caucasus). Georgian germplasm is placed in a distinct cluster from the European one and possesses a rich diversity for many different traits, including eno-carpological and phenological traits; resistance to pathogens, such as oomycetes and phytoplasmas; resistance to abiotic stresses, such as sunburn. The aim of this review is to assess the potential of Georgian cultivars as a source of useful traits for breeding programs. The unique genetic and phenotypic aspects of Georgian germplasm were unraveled, to better understand the diversity and quality of the genetic resources available to viticulturists, as valuable resources for the coming climate change scenario.

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Section: Resistance To Grapevine Fungal Diseasesmentioning

confidence: 99%

Georgian Grapevine Cultivars: Ancient Biodiversity for Future Viticulture

et al. 2021

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“…In the case of fungal pathogens, in particular, the interaction with the plant occurs if phenological synchrony occurs between species ( Ovaskainen et al, 2013 ). Concerning the interaction with fungal pathogens, research activity has mainly focused on the compatibility between species, to identify resistance traits to be employed for the control of the disease ( Buonassisi et al, 2017 ; Sapkota et al, 2019 ; Sargolzaei et al, 2020 ). However, little attention has been given to the encounter between plant and pathogen, which determines whether and to what extent the parasite can find the host ( Desprez-Loustau et al, 2010 ; Tack and Laine, 2014 ).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The Study of the Germination Dynamics of Plasmopara viticola Oospores Highlights the Presence of Phenotypic Synchrony With the Host

Maddalena

Russo²,

Toffolatti

2021

Front. Microbiol.

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The plant disease onset is a complex event that occurs when the pathogen and the host encounter in a favorable environment. While the plant–pathogen interaction has been much investigated, little attention has been given to the phenological synchrony of the event, especially when both plant and pathogen overwinter, as in the case of grapevines and the downy mildew agent, the oomycete Plasmopara viticola. Oospores allow this obligate parasite to survive grapevine dormancy and, germinating, produce inoculum for primary infections. During overwintering, environmental factors influence the potential oospore germination. This study aimed at investigating the existence of synchrony between the pathogen and the host by identifying and quantifying the most important factors determining oospore maturation and germination and the relationship existing with grapevine phenology. Generalized linear models (GLM and GLMM) were used to analyze the germination dynamics of the oospores overwintered in controlled and field conditions and incubated in isothermal conditions, and oospore viability tests were carried out at different time points. Results showed that the most indicative parameter to describe the germination dynamics is the time spent by the oospores from the start of overwintering. The oospores overwintered in field showed phenological traits related to grapevine phenology not observed in controlled conditions. In particular, they completed the maturation period by the end of grapevine dormancy and germinated more rapidly at plant sprouting, when grapevine reaches susceptibility. Overall, the oospores proved to be able to modulate their behavior in close relationship with grapevine, showing a great adaptation to the host’s phenology.

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“…Experimental inoculation of the leaf disks with the pathogen were carried out by mixing P. viticola sporangia coming from Western (S. Maria della Versa, Pavia) and Eastern (Casarsa della Delizia, Pordenone) Italian field populations ( Maddalena et al, 2020 ; Sargolzaei et al, 2020 ). To verify that the leaf tissues used for the experimental activities were not previously contaminated by P. viticola , a PCR assay with primers specific for the ITS region of P. viticola ( Toffolatti et al, 2012 ) was carried out on all leaf samples.…”

Section: Methodsmentioning

confidence: 99%

RNAi of a Putative Grapevine Susceptibility Gene as a Possible Downy Mildew Control Strategy

et al. 2021

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Downy mildew, caused by the oomycete Plasmopara viticola, is one of the diseases causing the most severe economic losses to grapevine (Vitis vinifera) production. To date, the application of fungicides is the most efficient method to control the pathogen and the implementation of novel and sustainable disease control methods is a major challenge. RNA interference (RNAi) represents a novel biotechnological tool with a great potential for controlling fungal pathogens. Recently, a candidate susceptibility gene (VviLBDIf7) to downy mildew has been identified in V. vinifera. In this work, the efficacy of RNAi triggered by exogenous double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) in controlling P. viticola infections has been assessed in a highly susceptible grapevine cultivar (Pinot noir) by knocking down VviLBDIf7 gene. The effects of dsRNA treatment on this target gene were assessed by evaluating gene expression, disease severity, and development of vegetative and reproductive structures of P. viticola in the leaf tissues. Furthermore, the effects of dsRNA treatment on off-target (EF1α, GAPDH, PEPC, and PEPCK) and jasmonic acid metabolism (COI1) genes have been evaluated. Exogenous application of dsRNA led to significant reductions both in VviLBDIf7 gene expression, 5 days after the treatment, and in the disease severity when artificial inoculation was carried out 7 days after dsRNA treatments. The pathogen showed clear alterations to both vegetative (hyphae and haustoria) and reproductive structures (sporangiophores) that resulted in stunted growth and reduced sporulation. Treatment with dsRNA showed signatures of systemic activity and no deleterious off-target effects. These results demonstrated the potential of RNAi for silencing susceptibility factors in grapevine as a sustainable strategy for pathogen control, underlying the possibility to adopt this promising biotechnological tool in disease management strategies.

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Rpv29, Rpv30 and Rpv31: Three Novel Genomic Loci Associated With Resistance to Plasmopara viticola in Vitis vinifera

Cited by 49 publications

References 83 publications

Georgian Grapevine Cultivars: Ancient Biodiversity for Future Viticulture

Georgian Grapevine Cultivars: Ancient Biodiversity for Future Viticulture

The Study of the Germination Dynamics of Plasmopara viticola Oospores Highlights the Presence of Phenotypic Synchrony With the Host

RNAi of a Putative Grapevine Susceptibility Gene as a Possible Downy Mildew Control Strategy

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