Rubidium jarosite and thallium jarosite — new synthetic jarosite-type compounds and their structures

Dutrizac, J.E.; Kaiman, S.

doi:10.1016/0304-386x(75)90014-6

Cited by 26 publications

(25 citation statements)

References 2 publications

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“…Manuscript submitted December 10, 1996. Dutrizac and Kaiman [5,6] synthesized end-member thallium jarosite and determined its structure. The thallium compound was shown to be isostructural with jarosite; it is the most dense of all jarosite-type compounds.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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The behavior of thallium during jarosite precipitation

Dutrizac¹

1997

Metall Mater Trans B

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Jarosite precipitation provides an effective means of eliminating thallium from zinc processing circuits, and a systematic study of the extent and mechanism of thallium removal during the precipitation of ammonium, sodium, and potassium jarosites was carried out. Thallium (as Tl + ) substitutes for the ''alkali'' ion in the jarosite structure. Nearly ideal jarosite solid solutions are formed with potassium, but thallium is preferentially precipitated relative to either ammonium or sodium. Approximately 80 pct of the dissolved thallium precipitates during the formation of ammonium jarosite; the extent of thallium removal is virtually independent of thallium concentrations in the 0 to 3000 mg/L Tl range and of the presence of 75 g/L of dissolved Zn. Although the deportment of thallium is nearly independent of (NH 4 ) 2 SO 4 or Na 2 SO 4 concentrations Ͼ0.1 M, the precipitates made from more dilute media are relatively enriched in thallium. Likewise, the precipitates made from dilute ferric ion media are also Tl-rich. Low solution pH values or low temperatures both significantly reduce the amount of jarosite formed, but the precipitates made under these conditions are enriched in thallium. Furthermore, because thallium jarosite is more stable than the ammonium or sodium analogues, the initially formed precipitates are consistently Tl rich. The presence of jarosite seed accelerates the precipitation reaction, but dilutes the thallium content of the product. The results suggest that most of the thallium in a hydrometallurgical zinc circuit could be selectively precipitated in a small amount of jarosite, by carrying out the precipitation reaction for a short time in the absence of seed and from solutions having low alkali concentrations.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Jarosite precipitates are relatively stable and they incorporate thallium in their structure. [5] For these reasons, jarosite precipitation is commonly used to eliminate and stabilize thallium in zinc operations.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

The behavior of thallium during jarosite precipitation

Dutrizac¹

1997

Metall Mater Trans B

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“…It is often found in environments contaminated by acid drainage from rocks and mines, especially in mining waste . It is formed naturally by the acidification of mineral deposits containing sulfides, especially by rocks such as pyrite, caused by the oxidation of the air or by the bacterial action, remaining stable under acidic conditions where the pH of the soil is less than 3 . However, the lowest pH for the formation of jarosite is 1.5 , higher than this pH value other species are formed (goethite, hematite and schwertmannite) and at lower than this value the precipitation does not occur .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The importance of the formation of jarosite and its decomposition depends on its presence in soils, sediments and evaporite deposits . The precipitation process of jarosite is widely used in the hydrometallurgical circuits in the zinc industry to purify acid leach solutions prior to zinc electrolysis, as precipitation medium of unwanted iron, alkali metals, or sulfate ions, greatly improving the filtration process . The jarosite process offers the advantage of removing the iron by the high‐efficiency precipitation of the solution with relatively low losses of divalent base metals such as zinc, cadmium and copper .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic Analysis of the Decomposition Reaction of the Mercury Jarosite in NaOH Medium

Ordoñez

Flores

Patiño

et al. 2017

Int. J. Chem. Kinet.

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This work presents the kinetic study of the decomposition in NaOH medium of mercury jarosite whose approximate formula is [Hg 0.39 (H 3 O) 0.22 ]Fe 2.71 (SO 4 ) 2.17 (OH) 4.79 (H 2 O) 2.09 . The reaction progress takes place on the surface of the compound with diffusion of the hydroxyl ions (OH − ) from the solution to the particle surface moving the reaction front toward the interior of the particle, with the release of ions SO 4 2and Hg 2+ from the core to the reaction medium. The decomposition curve can be described by three kinetics stages: an induction period followed by a progressive conversion period and ending the reaction in the stabilization zone. The results of X−ray diffraction showed that as the decomposition reaction progresses the partially decomposed solids lost its crystallinity ending as amorphous solids. For the induction period, the reaction order (n) was 0.52 for [OH − ] < 0.0187 mol L −1 and when [OH − ] > 0.0187 mol L −1 n = 1.48, whereas the calculated activation energy (E a ) was 81.7 kJ mol −1 . For the progressive conversion period n = 0.99 for [OH − ] > 0.0057 mol L −1 and for lower concentrations n 0, with E a = 56.9 kJ mol −1 , confirming that the decomposition process is controlled by the chemical reaction. Based on the calculated kinetic parameters, the partial

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“…Jarosites remain stable at highly acid and oxidizing conditions. 26 Several substitutions have been reported showing the flexibility of the jarosite structure towards the ion size and the charge arrangement. This characteristic makes minerals such as jarosite ideal to incorporate undesirable metallic elements that are also potentially dangerous for the environment.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Kinetic Analysis of the Decomposition of the KFe₃(SO₄)_2-x(CrO₄)_x(OH)₆Jarosite Solid Solution in Ca(OH)₂Medium

Mireles¹,

Reyes²,

Flores³

et al. 2015

Journal of the Brazilian Chemical Society

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The decomposition of the solid solution of potassium jarosite with chromium(VI) in Ca(OH) 2 media was studied in the present work. According to experimental results, the incorporation of CrO 4 2− into the crystal structure of jarosite resulted in a solid solution with the following approximate formula: [K 0.86 , and E a = 51.56 kJ mol −1 . The CrO 4 2− diffusion is slower compared to that of sulfate, a slight amount of chromate is adsorbed in the layer of the solid residue consisting on Fe(OH) 3 . Finally, the equations that satisfactorily describe the reaction process were established from the data obtained.

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Rubidium jarosite and thallium jarosite — new synthetic jarosite-type compounds and their structures

Cited by 26 publications

References 2 publications

The behavior of thallium during jarosite precipitation

The behavior of thallium during jarosite precipitation

Kinetic Analysis of the Decomposition Reaction of the Mercury Jarosite in NaOH Medium

Kinetic Analysis of the Decomposition of the KFe₃(SO₄)_2-x(CrO₄)_x(OH)₆Jarosite Solid Solution in Ca(OH)₂Medium

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Rubidium jarosite and thallium jarosite — new synthetic jarosite-type compounds and their structures

Cited by 26 publications

References 2 publications

The behavior of thallium during jarosite precipitation

The behavior of thallium during jarosite precipitation

Kinetic Analysis of the Decomposition Reaction of the Mercury Jarosite in NaOH Medium

Kinetic Analysis of the Decomposition of the KFe3(SO4)2-x(CrO4)x(OH)6Jarosite Solid Solution in Ca(OH)2Medium

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Kinetic Analysis of the Decomposition of the KFe₃(SO₄)_2-x(CrO₄)_x(OH)₆Jarosite Solid Solution in Ca(OH)₂Medium