Rumen Chemical and Microbial Characteristics of Steers Fed a Purified and a Natural Diet

Oltjen, R. R.; Gutierrez, J.; Lehmann, Richard P.; Davis, R. E.

doi:10.2527/jas1966.252521x

Cited by 16 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 8 publications

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“…Rumen concentrations of acetic, propionic, and butyric acids and acetic:propionic (A:P) ratio were not different (m.05) between ration treatments (Table 3). The VFA concentrations are similar to those reported by Olten et al (1966), for steers receiving a pelleted corn-soy, molasses ration. Topps et al (1965) reported higher acetic and lower propionic and butyric acid concentrations than those in our study for steers on winter grassland with a carbohydrate plus protein supplement.…”

Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

Ozone-Treated Mesquite for Supplementing Steers in West Texas

Bryant¹,

Mills²,

Pitts³

et al. 1984

Journal of Range Management

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Ozonated-mesquite was compared with cottonseed hulls as the fiber base in supplemental rations fed to growing steers under range conditions. Average daily gains of steers fed the 2 rations for the 2 winter feeding periods were similar. Similarities in concentrations of acetic, propionic, and butyric acids, and acetic:propionic acid ratios between rations indicated no alterations in production of these acids as affected by composition or physical form of the ozonated-mesquite. Therefore, ozonated-mesquite appears to be equal in value to cottonseed hulls as a roughage base in supplemental rations fed to range steers. Mesquite (Prosopis glundulosa) is a rangeland pest that infests millions of acres in the arid Southwest. Attempts to control this woody perennial have included mechanical, pyric, biological, and chemical means. While these methods are effective in managing mesquite, they exclude the use of the tremendous quantity of fiber available in this plant. It has been recently realized that this plant is an untapped reservoir for industrial use or livestock feed. If harvestingand processing becomes economical, all avenues for disposal of the lignocellulose from mesquite should be investigated. Lignocellulose residues, including wood pulp, have been the focus of livestock feeding experiments for many years. Research has dealt with corn and milo residues (Bolsen et al. 1977, Ward 1978); cereal and grass straws (Durham and Hinman 1979, Church and Champe 1980); soybean residues (Miller et al. 1979); cotton by-products (Arndt et al. 1980); and wood and wood by-products (Dinius and Bond 1975, Lemieux and Wilson 1979). Many chemical treatments have been applied to increase cellulose digestibility. Some of these included sodium hydroxide (Hendrix and Karn 1976); ammonia (Paterson et al. 1979a); and calcium hydroxide (Paterson et al. 1979b) on crop residues, and sodium hydroxide (Millett et al. 1970); sulfur dioxide (Sherrod et al. 1978); sulphuric acid (Keith and Daniels 1976); irradiation (Kitts et al. 1969); and ozonization (Schuerch 1963) on wood and wood byproducts. Ozonization of mesquite appears to increase cellulose digestion (R.W. Tack, unpublished data; Weakley and Owens 1975). While most research has been limited to trials in vitro or in vivo with confined animals in drylot, few studies have attempted to evaluate crop or wood residues in supplemental rations for livestock on dry perennial rangeland. The objective of this study was to compare ozonated mesquite with cottonseed hulls as the fiber base in winter supplemental rations for growing range steers. The supplemental rations tested were similar to the range cubes commonly fed to range cattle.

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Section: Resultssupporting

confidence: 85%

Ozone-Treated Mesquite for Supplementing Steers in West Texas

Bryant¹,

Mills²,

Pitts³

et al. 1984

Journal of Range Management

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“…In the present study, chromic oxide paper was placed into the rumen in a small area on top of the surface of the large mass of undigested corn cobs that almost completely filled the dorsal section of the rumen. A greater rumen fill has been noted with purified diets than natural diets by Oltjen _et al (1966). It could be possible that this shredded paper could have remained in this position in the rumen for a considerable period of time.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 89%

“…He implied this was due to urea and related this to a greater bacterial synthesis of protein, but it has been shown (Oltjen et a]^., 1966;Giesecke ct al., 1966^ SlytcîT ct al., 1968 tliat tué ïumiual uigcsta of cattle fed purified diets are frequently devoid of protozoa and contain increased bacterial concentrations. This is true for protein-containing diets as well as NPN-containing purified diets.…”

Section: Literature Reviewmentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative microbial protein synthesis in the bovine rumen

Pitzen

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“…In the present study, chromic oxide paper was placed into the rumen in a small area on top of the surface of the large mass of undigested corn cobs that almost completely filled the dorsal section of the rumen. A greater rumen fill has been noted with purified diets than natural diets by Oltjen _et al (1966) Average results for treatment comparisons are listed in Table 4.…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…of this experiment was similar to that of Experiment 843. Rumen fermentation characteristics have been shown to be different when the diet is purified as compared to one containing natural feedstuffs(Oltjen et al, 1966)'. In Experiment 845-A natural feedstuffs were fed in order to more closely duplicate natural conditions and also to see the effects of natural protein in these feedstuffs on the parameters of interest.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

Quantitative microbial protein synthesis in the bovine rumen

Pitzen

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Rumen Chemical and Microbial Characteristics of Steers Fed a Purified and a Natural Diet

Cited by 16 publications

References 8 publications

Ozone-Treated Mesquite for Supplementing Steers in West Texas

Ozone-Treated Mesquite for Supplementing Steers in West Texas

Quantitative microbial protein synthesis in the bovine rumen

Quantitative microbial protein synthesis in the bovine rumen

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