Ruminal Metabolism of 3-Nitropropanoyl-D-Glucopyranoses from Crownvetch

Gustine, David L.; Moyer, B. G.; Wangsness, P. J.; Shenk, J. S.

doi:10.2527/jas1977.4461107x

Cited by 33 publications

(14 citation statements)

References 0 publications

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…Rates for NPOH can increase by 70 to 80% with undiluted inocula (Majak et al, 1982); the average rate in whole ruminal fluid could well exceed 400/amol'liter-l'h -1. This rate compares favorably with those reported for NPA by Gustine et al (1977), who showed that the nitroacid was readily detoxified by ruminal bacteria from sheep. 3-Nitropropionic acid is a component of crownvetch (Coronilla varia)and other legumes but it is much less toxic to ruminants than NPOH (Williams and James, 1975).…”

Section: Expsupporting

confidence: 87%

Enhanced Degradation of 3-Nitropropanol by Ruminal Microorganisms

Majak

Cheng

Hall

1986

Journal of Animal Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Ruminal fluid was obtained over a 4-yr period from cattle on various diets and supplements to determine the effects of different inocula on the microbial degradation of 3-nitropropanol (NPOH), a toxic metabolite in certain Astragalus spp. (Leguminosae). Nitrite (NO2-) metabolism was also studied in vitro because rapid NO2- reduction is required for the overall detoxification of NPOH. Intra-ruminal supplements of sulfite were ineffective and produced toxic signs in treated animals. Ruminal fluid from cattle on fresh pasture diets enhanced the in vitro metabolism of NO2-, but rates of NPOH disappearance were not significantly affected. Rates of NPOH degradation increased when orchardgrass pasturage was supplemented with molasses. Enhancement of NPOH degradation was achieved with supplements of nitroethane given intra-ruminally at 6.5 or 10 mg/kg body weight. The effect of nitroethane on NO2- reduction was not always observed, but the NO2- rates of metabolism always exceeded those of NPOH. The rate of NPOH degradation also increased when nitroethane was added to a molasses supplement. However, the volatility of nitroethane under field conditions prompted a search for a more stable inducer and the sodium salt of nitroethane was subsequently evaluated. The salt of nitroethane, given intra-ruminally at 20 mg nitroethane/kg body weight, resulted in the highest rate of NPOH degradation; this was similar to that reported for 3-nitropropionic acid, a nitroalkane that is much less toxic to ruminants than NPOH.

show abstract

Section: Expsupporting

confidence: 87%

Enhanced Degradation of 3-Nitropropanol by Ruminal Microorganisms

Majak

Cheng

Hall

1986

Journal of Animal Science

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…However, it appears probable that, as in chickens, horses are significantly more susceptible to the 3‐NPA content of the plant than to indospicine. The reverse may be true for ruminants, with evidence suggesting that they can tolerate exposure to plants containing greater concentrations of 3‐NPA through ruminal metabolism . The mechanism of toxicity of 3‐NPA is irreversible blockage of the Krebs cycle, with 3‐NPA being a ‘suicide’ substrate (non‐competitive inhibitor) of succinate dehydrogenase .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Indigofera spicata (creeping indigo) poisoning of three ponies

Ossedryver¹,

Baldwin

Stone

et al. 2013

Aust Veterinary J

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Three ponies continuously grazed a pasture containing an estimated 24% Indigofera spicata (wet weight basis) for 4-6 weeks in April and May 2004. They developed ataxia, paresis, depression, muscle fasciculations, dysphagia, ptyalism and halitosis. Two also developed corneal opacity. One pony recovered with supportive treatment, but the other two were euthanased and necropsied. Neuropathology was not present in either case, but both livers had periacinar and periportal lymphocytic infiltrations and hydropic degeneration of mid-zonal hepatocytes, with mild to moderate periacinar necrosis also evident in one. The I. spicata contained 2.66 mg 3-nitropropionic acid (3-NPA)/g dry matter and 1.5 mg indospicine/g dry matter. Indospicine, but not 3-NPA, was detected in serum from both of the euthanased ponies and indospicine was detected in heart, liver and muscle from the one pony in which this assay was performed. The clinical syndrome closely resembled 'Birdsville horse disease' caused by I. linnaei and was similar to that reported in horses poisoned by the closely related species I. hendecaphylla and to 3-NPA poisoning of other animals, including humans. 3-NPA is thought to cause this neurological syndrome. To our knowledge, this is the first authenticated report of I. spicata poisoning in grazing animals. We also report here the first published evidence that 3-NPA and indospicine exist in naturalised I. spicata in Australia and of the formation of indospicine residues in tissues of animals grazing paddocks infested with I. spicata.

show abstract

“…The rate of hydrolysis for miserotoxin was estimated to be at least 0.75 g.moles/ml/h in rumen fluid. Similarly, Gustine et al (19'71) reported a rapid rarte of hydrolysis with a wether (Gustine et al 1977 …”

Section: In Vitro Techniquesmentioning

confidence: 92%