Ruminant Nutrition, Phytate Phosphorus Hydrolysis and Availability to Rumen Microorganisms

Raun, A. P.; Cheng, Edmund; Burroughs, Wise

doi:10.1021/jf60068a006

Cited by 60 publications

(33 citation statements)

References 1 publication

Supporting

Mentioning

Contrasting

Order By: Relevance

“…In contrast, the other major livestock group, ruminants, requires less phosphate supplementation, possibly in part because of higher levels of phytase activity in these animals. In our study, rumen phytase activity appeared to be largely of bacterial origin, as had been previously demonstrated (Raun et al, 1956), and the activity increased with higher grain diets. Such an increase in phytase activity may well have been in response to the higher levels of phytate in cereal grains as compared to forages (Reddy et al, 1982).…”

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Phytase activity of anaerobic ruminal bacteria

et al. 1998

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

Phytase catalyses the release of phosphate from phytate (myo-inositol hexakisphosphate), the predominant form of phosphorus in cereal grains, oilseeds and legumes. The presence of phytase activity was investigated in 334 strains of 22 species of obligately anaerobic ruminal bacteria. Measurable activities were demonstrated in strains of Selenomonas ruminantium, Megasphaera elsdenii, Prevotella ruminicola, Mitsuokella multiacidus and Treponema spp. Strains isolated from fermentations with cereal grains proved to have high activity, and activity was particularly prevalent in S. ruminantium, with over 96% of the tested strains being positive. The measured phytase activity was found exclusively associated with the bacterial cells and was produced in the presence of approximately 14 mM phosphate. The most highly active strains were all S. ruminantiurn, with the exception of the one Mitsuokella multiacidus strain examined. Phytase activity varied greatly among positive strains but activities as high as 703 nmol phosphate released (ml culture)" were measured for a S. ruminantium strain and 387 nmol phosphate released (ml culture)" for the Mitsuokella multiacidus strain.

show abstract

Section: Discussionsupporting

confidence: 88%

Phytase activity of anaerobic ruminal bacteria

et al. 1998

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

show abstract

“…After formaldehyde and some heat treatments, phytate phosphorus may be inaccessible to phytase [60,61]. Furthermore, even if when more phytate phosphorus is present in a medium, the higher is the release of inorganic phosphorus, dietary phytate phosphorus may not be broken down in cases of saturation of rumen phytase by large amounts of dietary phytate phosphorus as previously suggested for vegetal phytases [62,63] and for rumen 280 D. Bravo et al phytases [58,64,65]. These hypotheses should be verified by new experimental work.…”

Section: Phosphorus Supply To the Rumen Ecosystemmentioning

confidence: 94%

“…To maintain the concentration of inorganic phosphate in the liquid phase of the rumen contents, dietary phosphorus should be quickly converted into inorganic phosphate. In the rumen, phytate phosphorus is degraded by phytase [57], which is produced by the rumen microbes [58,59]. Some dietary situations may decrease the efficiency of phytase activity.…”

Section: Phosphorus Supply To the Rumen Ecosystemmentioning

confidence: 99%

II. Quantitative aspects of phosphorus absorptionin ruminants

Bravo

Sauvant

Bogaert³

et al. 2003

Reprod. Nutr. Dev.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

-Phosphorus absorption in ruminants was analysed from a database described in a previous article. For common values of ingested phosphorus (2.5-5.0 g·kg -1 of DM), 0.73 of dietary phosphorus is absorbed. The remaining variability is probably due to phosphorus quality. Phosphorus absorbed from silage, cereal, cereal by-products and hay differs greatly. The current true absorption coefficient used to calculate daily phosphorus supply is a constant value in the current systems and often it underestimates the true absorption resulting in an excess of phosphorus being supplied in the diets. Adjusting the true absorption coefficient values requires better characterisation of the phosphorus supplied by each feedstuff. Dietary influences (phytate phosphorus, crude fibre, etc.) were investigated but trials assessing the ration effect on phosphorus absorption are lacking. Since rumen microbes have specific phosphorus requirements, particularly for cell-wall degradation, the feedstuff phosphorus availability for the rumen ecosystem is discussed.absorption / availability / phosphorus / quantitative aspect

show abstract

“…The equations are followed by the correlation coefficient (r 2 ), the model residual variance (s) and the level of significance of the model (p). the phytase activity of the rumen microbes [30,31]. On the contrary, when the germ is extracted from the corn grain, phosphorus is also extracted because corn phosphorus is concentrated in the germ [28].…”

Section: Formaldehyde Treatment Effectmentioning

confidence: 99%

Ruminal phosphorus availability from several feedstuffs measured by the nylon bag technique

Bravo

Meschy

Bogaert³

et al. 2000

Reprod. Nutr. Dev.

View full text Add to dashboard Cite

-The present study was aimed at determining rumen phosphorus availability of some feedstuffs assessed with the nylon bag technique: forage (alfalfa), cereals (control-C wheat, formaldehyde treated-FT wheat, barley, corn), cereal by-products (wheat bran, wheat distillers, corn distillers) and meals (C and FT soya bean meals, rapeseed meals and sunflower meals). Rumen phosphorus availability was not uniform amongst the feedstuffs, varying from 33.1% (FT rapeseed meal) to 84.7% (C wheat). Alfalfa phosphorus release kinetics showed high bacterial phosphorus contamination. Technological treatments affected phosphorus content of by-products by either increasing (wheat bran and distillers) or decreasing (corn distillers) after germ extraction from the seed. Formaldehyde treatment decreasing rumen phosphorus availability (from 77.2% vs. 89.4% for wheat to 33.1% vs. 64.4% for the rapeseed meal) may depreciate the phosphorus nutritional value of FT meals. availability / feedstuff / phosphorus / rumenRésumé -Disponibilité ruminale du phosphore de certaines matières premières mesurée à l'aide de la méthode des sachets nylon. Cet article décrit la détermination, par la méthode des sachets nylon, de la disponibilité ruminale du phosphore d'un fourrage (luzerne déshydratée), de céréales (blé, blé tanné, orge, maïs), de sous-produits de céréales (son et drêches de blé, drêches de maïs) et de tourteaux (soja et soja tanné, colza et colza tanné, tournesol et tournesol tanné). La disponibilité ruminale du phosphore est très variable : de 33,1 % (tourteau de colza tanné) à 84,7 % (blé). La cinétique de libération du phosphore de la luzerne indique une importante contamination par le phosphore bactérien. Les traitements technologiques influencent la teneur en phosphore. L'extraction du germe enrichit (son et drêches de blé) ou appauvrit (drêche de maïs) en phosphore les sous-produits par rapport à la céréale. Le tannage au formol, diminuant la disponibilité ruminale du phosphore (de 77,2 % vs. 89,4 %, blé à 33,1 % vs. 64,4 %, tourteau de colza), semble pénaliser la valeur nutritionnelle du phosphore des tourteaux tannés. disponibilité / matière première / phosphore / rumen

show abstract

Ruminant Nutrition, Phytate Phosphorus Hydrolysis and Availability to Rumen Microorganisms

Cited by 60 publications

References 1 publication

Phytase activity of anaerobic ruminal bacteria

Phytase activity of anaerobic ruminal bacteria

II. Quantitative aspects of phosphorus absorptionin ruminants

Ruminal phosphorus availability from several feedstuffs measured by the nylon bag technique

Contact Info

Product

Resources

About