Ruminant Studies with Diammonium Phosphate and Urea

Oltjen, R. R.; Waller, George R.; Nelson, A. B.; Tillman, A. D.

doi:10.2527/jas1963.22136x

Cited by 19 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 9 publications

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“…Though clinico--biochemical and pathological studies have been conducted in cattle (Oltjen et al 1963;Morris and Payne, 1970;Bartley et al 1976;Davidovich et al 1977 andSethuraman andRathor 1979) but no systematic information is available on the effect of urea-induced ammonia intoxication on hepatic, renal and cardiovascular systems in buffaloes as well as in cattle. Hence the present study was undertaken to investigate and correlate physiological, biochemical and histopathological alterations in experimentally urea-induced rumen alkalosis in buffalo calves.…”

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Studies of Clinico-biochemical and Pathological Changes in the Urea-Induced Acute Rumen Alkalosis in Buffalo Calves

Randhawa¹,

Dhaliwal²,

Gupta³

et al. 1989

Acta Vet. Brno

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Randhawa S. S., P. S. Dhaliwal, P. P. Gupta, A. K. Ahuja, S. S. R a th 0 r : Studies on Clinico-biochemical and Pathological Changes in the Urea-Induced Acute Rumen Alkalosis in Buffalo Calves. Acta vet. Brno, 58, 1989: 225-243. Peracute rumen alkalosis was induced by intraruminal administration of urea @ 1.25 g/kg. b. wt. as a single dose in six healthy male Murrah buffalo calves of about 1 -2 years age. Peracute ammonia toxicity resulted in profuse salivation, ruminal stress, incoordination, recumbency followed by clonic convulsions, frequency of which increased with the progression of the condition, dyspnea, hyperpnea, tachycardia, opisthotonus, pupillary dilatation followed by death of the animals between 60-150 mts. It was observed that a linear relationship exists between death time and body weight of the calf with the same dose rate. Electrocardiographic studies revealed ventricular fibrillation with superimposition of P wave over T wave. The cardiac potentials gave rise to random osci11ations. Studies on liver function tests revealed that ammonia toxicity markedly affects the functional status of the liver as indicated by increase in serum enzymatic activities of arginase, glutamic oxalotransaminase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase, lactate dehydrogenase and glutamate dehydrogenase with increase in the half life of B.S.P. excretion rate which was subsequently confirmed by histopathological observations. Histopathological changes in the digestive system revealed exfoliation of the epithelial lining of the mucous membrane of the rumen, lymphocytic abomasitis, and necrotic enteritis. Other significant histopathological alterations were follicular cholecystitis, meningo-encephalitis, lymphocytic nephritis and cystitis, and alveolar emphysema. Intoxication, ECG, rumen liquor, blood, urineSudden changes in the dietary constituents with consumption of excess amounts of protein-rich concentrates and/or non-protein nitrogenous compounds has resulted in frequent occurrence of rumen alkalosis in ruminants. The disease is characterised by excessive production of ammonia in the rumen which may produce gastrointestinal, hepatic, renal, circulatory and nervous disturbances (Chalupa 1968; Parkins et aI.

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Studies of Clinico-biochemical and Pathological Changes in the Urea-Induced Acute Rumen Alkalosis in Buffalo Calves

Randhawa¹,

Dhaliwal²,

Gupta³

et al. 1989

Acta Vet. Brno

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“…Muhtemelen ruminantların üre nitrojenini diğer nitrojen kaynaklarından daha iyi değerlendirmesinden ileri gelen bu netice daha önee yapılan araş-tırma neticeleri ile uyum halindedir (4,5,6,8,9,10,13,14,15).…”

Section: Bulgular Ve Tartışmaunclassified

Saman Ve Misir Si̇lajlarinin Süt Üreti̇mi̇nde Karşilaştirmali Değeri̇

Servet¹

1974

Ankara Üniversitesi Veteriner Fakültesi Dergisi

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Summary:This experiment was condııcted to compare the prohable effect of com silage and straw silage on feed intake, dry matter and food nutrienl~digestibility and milk performancc.Forty-ciı:ht Btown Swiss cows were ;,lIotted into 4 groups. The com silage and hay (Tr. A) was fen to one group at 2:1 ra'-io, s~rond group (Tr. ll) had straw silaı:e ann hayat ıhe same ratio, while ıhe third group (Tr. C) only straw si!age ann the las! group (Tr. D) frcsh mixture of straw, urea, moıasse~and waler, same as in ıhe proportions of the straw silage (37: i: 12 and 50 %1. The experiment;:1 period Jas!ed ıa weeks.The s!raw silage was comumed significantly more (1'<0 OL) ıhan com silage+hay.Prote:n digestibility was found higher (P

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“…Diammonium phosphate has been demonstrated by a number of workers (e.g. Oltjen et al 1963;Johnson & McClure, 1964;Schaadt, Johnson & McClure, 1966) to be a well-utilized source of dietary phosphorus but to be a generally less effective nitrogen source than urea for ruminants. Diets containing diammonium phosphate were often incompletely consumed; some of the nitrogen was frequently lost during any cubing process involving heat-treatment and ammonia was found to be released in contact with damp troughs or with saliva.…”

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Urea phosphate and mono-ammonium phosphate as dietary supplements for sheep fed diets inadequate in phosphorus and nitrogen

Fishwick

Hemingway

1973

J. Agric. Sci.

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Growing wether sheep in metabolism cages were fed a low phosphorus diet (0-7 g P/day) and providing 16 g N/day supplemented with either urea phosphate, monoammonium phosphate or dicalcium phosphate and with appropriate additions of urea to give equivalent additional intakes of phosphorus (1-75 g P/day) and nitrogen (4-6 g N/day).All three sources of phosphorus and nitrogen resulted in similar and significantly improved phosphorus and nitrogen retentions. There were also very similar effects on urine outputs of phosphorus and nitrogen and on the concentrations of phosphorus and urea in the blood of the sheep.

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Ruminant Studies with Diammonium Phosphate and Urea

Cited by 19 publications

References 9 publications

Studies of Clinico-biochemical and Pathological Changes in the Urea-Induced Acute Rumen Alkalosis in Buffalo Calves

Studies of Clinico-biochemical and Pathological Changes in the Urea-Induced Acute Rumen Alkalosis in Buffalo Calves

Saman Ve Misir Si̇lajlarinin Süt Üreti̇mi̇nde Karşilaştirmali Değeri̇

Urea phosphate and mono-ammonium phosphate as dietary supplements for sheep fed diets inadequate in phosphorus and nitrogen

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