Urea phosphate and mono-ammonium phosphate as dietary supplements for sheep fed diets inadequate in phosphorus and nitrogen

Fishwick, G.; Hemingway, R. G.

doi:10.1017/s0021859600058421

Cited by 12 publications

(2 citation statements)

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“…However, Tillman & Brethour (1958) reported that phosphoric acid and dicalcium phosphate were essentially similar as phosphorus sources for cattle. Fishwick & Hemingway (1973) did not demonstrate any difference in dietary availability between dicalcium phosphate and urea phosphate (a compound which dissociates into urea and phosphoric acid in contact with water) or with mono-ammonium phosphate (a freely water-soluble material) when given to growing wether sheep receiving a low-phosphorus diet. Nevertheless, in the present experiments a total of 10-12 g P/day (including 3-7 g P as phosphoric acid) is markedly less than the 17 g P/day in pregnancy and 23 g P/day in lactation recently recommended by the Agricultural Research Council (1980) who appreciated that the greatest weakness in their factorial approach was the assessment of dietary phosphorus availability.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

The effects of supplementary phosphorus on the voluntary consumption and digestibility of a low phosphorus straw-based diet given to beef cows during pregnancy and early lactation

et al. 1981

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Two similar experiments were conducted in consecutive years using a total of 26 pregnant beef cows. The two groups of 13 cows were given 2 kg molassed sugar-beet pulp (SBP)/day for the last 16 weeks of pregnancy and 3 kg SBP/day for the first 6 weeks of lactation with oat straw ad libitum. One group was given 250 g of a fully soluble liquid supplement (LS) containing urea, phosphoric acid, calcium and sodium chloride, trace elements and vitamins poured on to the SBP. The other group received no supplementary phosphorus but was given the same amounts of supplementary nitrogen (as crystalline urea) and calcium (as calcium carbonate) together with the same amounts of sodium chloride, trace elements and vitamins as were present in the LS. The LS provided 3-7 g P/day. The overall mean phosphorus intakes of the two groups were about 5-5 g (unsupplemented) and 10-5 g P (LS)/day. During pregnancy, reduced phosphorus intakes did not affect either the voluntary intake or digestibility of the straw. There was, however, a reduction in the blood phosphorus concentration for the cows which did not receive LS.After calving, the voluntary straw intake, digestibility of straw organic matter, metabolizablo energy intakes and blood phosphorus concentrations of the cows which received no phosphorus supplement were severely reduced. Using the present data and that from an earlier, similar experiment, a highly significant relationship was established between blood phosphorus concentration and voluntary straw intake during the period 5-6 weeks after calving for those cows with a blood phosphorus concentration below 1-0 mmol P/l. This relationship was voluntary straw intake (kg D.M./day) = 1-55 + 5-01 x blood phosphorus concentration (mmol/1).These results, obtained with individually fed, housed cattle, tend to suggest that a total phosphorus intake of only about 10-12 g P/day (of which 3-7 g was in the form of phosphoric acid) was adequate to maintain normal blood phosphorus concentration and voluntary straw intake and digestibility by these beef cows over the last 16 weeks of pregnancy and the first 6 weeks of lactation. This should be contrasted with the results of a similar experiment conducted earlier which clearly indicated that a daily intake of about 12 g P/day derived solely from sugar-beet pulp and oat straw was markedly inadequate. major consequence of severe dietary phosphorus inadequacy is a reduced voluntary intake of The recommended daily minimum intakes of fibrous roughages (e.g. straw) and an accompanying phosphorus for 500 kg cows in late pregnancy and reduction in the digestibility of the dry matter in early lactation (7-5 kg milk/day) given by the (D.M.) consumed. In the short term (3 weeks Agricultural Research Council (1965) of 34 and feeding) in late pregnancy, 400 kg cows given a 38 g P have been reduced to 17 and 23 g P respec-low-phosphorus diet composed of molassed sugartively (Agricultural Research Council, 1980). A beet pulp and oat straw (6g P/day) had similar

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 82%

The effects of supplementary phosphorus on the voluntary consumption and digestibility of a low phosphorus straw-based diet given to beef cows during pregnancy and early lactation

et al. 1981

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“…The main uses of clinical biochemistry in sheep health management are in the diagnosis of liver, muscle and nutritional disorders (Braun et al., ). Fishwick and Hemingway () found that adding UP significantly improved phosphorus and nitrogen in blood and retentions. Our study showed that the blood biochemistry of the lambs in the UP8.0 group was significantly influenced by increases in the levels of P along with decreases in ALP, GLU and Ca levels compared with the lower UP dosing treatments.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Influence of dietary slow‐release urea on growth performance, organ development and serum biochemical parameters of mutton sheep

Zhang

Sun

et al. 2016

Animal Physiology Nutrition

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Eighty Dorper × thin-tailed Han cross-bred non-castrated male lambs [mean body weight (BW), 25.87 ± 1.06 kg] were randomly allocated to one of five different concentrations of slow-release urea (urea phosphate, UP). The feed consisted of an equal amount of concentrate diet and roughage; the concentrate feed was formulated to be isoenergetic and isonitrogenic and contained 0%, 1%, 2%, 4% and 8% UP (UP0.0, UP1.0, UP2.0, UP4.0 and UP8.0, respectively) as a replacement for soya bean meal. Feed intake, BW, average daily gain (ADG), feed utilisation efficiency (FUE), absolute and relative organ weights and biochemical and histopathological parameters were measured. Feed intake, BW, ADG and FUE significantly decreased in the group receiving UP8.0 (p < 0.05), but no difference was found among the other groups (p > 0.05). Quadratic equations were developed between the UP dosage in the concentrate feed and ADG or FUE (r = 0.973 for ADG and r = 0.761 for FUE) to determine the appropriate dosage of UP given the desire to maximise either ADG or FUE, the appropriate dosage (feed concentration) was calculated as 2.01% UP to achieve the greatest ADG or 2.13% UP to achieve the best FUE. The relative weight of the liver (% BW) in the UP2.0 groups was significantly greater than that of UP0.0 (p < 0.05), and the relative weight of the intestine in the UP8.0 was significantly greater than that of UP0.0 (p < 0.05); the relative weight of the carcass, heart, spleen, lung, kidney, rumen, reticulum, omasum and abomasum did not differ among treatments (p > 0.05). The UP8.0 treatment significantly increased serum phosphorus levels (p < 0.05) and decreased the levels of alkaline phosphatase, glucose and calcium (Ca) compared with the lower UP dosage (p < 0.05). No histopathological differences were found in either hepatic tissues or renal tissues among treatments. Dietary UP as a replacement for soya bean in concentrate feeds for mutton sheep should not exceed 4%, as higher dosing may cause malnutrition and mineral disorders.

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The utilisation of the phosphorus in spent bone charcoal by young wether sheep

Fishwick

1976

J Sci Food Agric

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Spent bone charcoal from a sugar refinery was compared with dicalcium phosphate as a source of phosphorus for young sheep given a low phosphorus diet. The apparent digestibility of both forms of phosphorus was similar. Dicalcium phosphate and spent bone charcoal supplementation resulted in positive phosphorus retentions of + 0.61 and f0.90 g P/day respectively compared with a daily loss of -0.29 g P/day for the low phosphorus diet. Both forms of phosphorus addition increased blood phosphorus concentrations.

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Urea phosphate and mono-ammonium phosphate as dietary supplements for sheep fed diets inadequate in phosphorus and nitrogen

Cited by 12 publications

References 8 publications

The effects of supplementary phosphorus on the voluntary consumption and digestibility of a low phosphorus straw-based diet given to beef cows during pregnancy and early lactation

The effects of supplementary phosphorus on the voluntary consumption and digestibility of a low phosphorus straw-based diet given to beef cows during pregnancy and early lactation

Influence of dietary slow‐release urea on growth performance, organ development and serum biochemical parameters of mutton sheep

The utilisation of the phosphorus in spent bone charcoal by young wether sheep

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