Rumination about obsessive symptoms and mood maintains obsessive-compulsive symptoms and depressed mood: An experimental study.

Wahl, Karina; Hout, Marcel van den; Heinzel, Carlotta V.; Kollárik, Martin; Meyer, Andrea; Benoy, Charles; Berberich, Götz; Domschke, Katharina; Gloster, Andrew T.; Gradwohl, Gassan; Hofecker, Maria; Jähne, Andreas; Koch, Stefan; Külz, Anne Katrin; Moggi, Franz; Poppe, Christine; Riedel, Andreas; Rufer, Michael; Stierle, Christian; Voderholzer, Ulrich; Walther, Sebastian; Lieb, Roselind

doi:10.1037/abn0000677

Cited by 15 publications

(4 citation statements)

References 24 publications

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“…Since the scoring of the severity of these UITs and related behaviors is consistent with the Y-BOCS [ 45 ], exam-related UITs and related neutralizing behaviors might be comparable to mild OC symptom severity. In other studies, OC symptoms were on average associated with moderate to high distress and moderate to high urge to neutralize [ 1 , 65 ]. In light of this, exam-related UITs and related neutralizing behaviors appear to be less distressing, and the urge to neutralize is lower than for OC symptoms.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Exam-related unwanted intrusive thoughts and related neutralizing behaviors: Analogues to obsessions and compulsions

et al. 2022

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Exam-related unwanted intrusive thoughts (UITs) and related neutralizing behaviors are common experiences among students. The present study investigated in what ways these UITs and behaviors are analogues to clinical obsessions and compulsions. Twenty-nine students completed three ecological momentary assessment surveys per day over 7 consecutive days, assessing the severity of exam-related UITs and related neutralizing behaviors, obsessive-compulsive (OC) symptoms, anxiety, distress, urge to neutralize, depressed mood, and stress in the week immediately before an exam period. Multilevel analysis demonstrated that the severity of exam-related UITs and related neutralizing behaviors was positively associated with OC symptoms, anxiety, distress, urge to neutralize, and stress but was not related to depressed mood. During the study period, the exam-related UITs occurred on average 7 times, and the related neutralizing behaviors on average 6 times. Overall, they were experienced with mild severity, low distress, and low urge to neutralize. Findings indicate that some aspects of exam-related UITs and related neutralizing behaviors (e.g., association with distress and urge to neutralize) might be analogous to OC symptoms but not all (e.g., no relation to depressed mood). We discuss how research on obsessive-compulsive disorder could benefit from considering exam-related UITs and related behaviors.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 92%

Exam-related unwanted intrusive thoughts and related neutralizing behaviors: Analogues to obsessions and compulsions

et al. 2022

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“…Importantly, in addition to the focus on rumination as a marker of increased cognitive vulnerability to depressive disorders, an abundance of studies have in fact provided evidence to suggest its impact on anxiety disorders [64][65][66], as well as other psychiatric conditions including PTSD, social anxiety disorder, OCD, bipolar disorder, and psychotic disorders [13,[67][68][69][70]. These studies provide a strong basis to consider rumination beyond the narrowly defined depressive type.…”

Section: Neurocognitive Models Of Ruminationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rumination as a Transdiagnostic Phenomenon in the 21st Century: The Flow Model of Rumination

et al. 2023

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Rumination and its related mental phenomena share associated impairments in cognition, such as executive functions and attentional processes across different clinical conditions (e.g., in psychotic disorders). In recent decades, however, the notion of rumination has been increasingly narrowed to the “self-focused” type in depressive disorders. A closer review of the literature shows that rumination may be construed as a broader process characterized by repetitive thoughts about certain mental contents that interfere with one’s daily activities, not only limited to those related to “self”. A further examination of the construct of rumination beyond the narrowly focused depressive rumination would help expand intervention opportunities for mental disorders in today’s context. We first review the development of the clinical construct of rumination with regard to its historical roots and its roles in psychopathology. This builds the foundation for the introduction of the “Flow Model of Rumination (FMR)”, which conceptualizes rumination as a disruption of a smooth flow of mental contents in conscious experience that depends on the coordinated interactions between intention, memory, affect, and external events. The conceptual review concludes with a discussion of the impact of rapid technological advances (such as smartphones) on rumination. Particularly in contemporary societies today, a broader consideration of rumination not only from a cognition viewpoint, but also incorporating a human–device interaction perspective, is necessitated. The implications of the FMR in contemporary mental health practice are discussed.

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“…Recent evidence suggests that people with OCD can experience severe maladaptive rumination, which has been positively correlated with different dimensions of OCS in non-clinical samples (6,15,22). Maladaptive rumination is a key symptom in people with OCD, who feel responsible for its consequences, thus excessively focus on their thoughts (23). Several studies suggest that ruminating on one's intrusive thoughts may result in abnormal appraisals of naturally occurring spontaneous thoughts, resulting in the persistence of negative affect (6,24,25).…”

Section: Mediating Effect Of Rumination and Negative Affect In The Relationship Between Mw And Ocsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mediating Role of Rumination and Negative Affect in the Effect of Mind-Wandering on Symptoms in Patients With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

et al. 2021

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To explore the relationship between negative affect, mind-wandering, rumination and obsessive-compulsive symptoms, 100 patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder and 100 healthy controls were assessed using the Obsessive-Compulsive Inventory, the Beck Anxiety Inventory, the Beck Depression Inventory, the Mind Wandering Scale and the Ruminative Response Scale. The results show that (i) patients diagnosed with obsessive-compulsive disorder displayed higher obsessive-compulsive symptoms, negative affect, mind-wandering and rumination compared with healthy controls; (ii) negative affect, mind-wandering and rumination were positively correlated with the severity of obsessive-compulsive symptoms; (iii) mind-wandering predicted the severity of obsessive-compulsive symptoms (both directly and indirectly); (iv) rumination and negative affect mediated the relationship between mind-wandering and obsessive-compulsive symptoms. The results preliminarily reveal the relationship between mind-wandering and psychopathological obsessive-compulsive symptoms, providing a reference for exploring novel psychological treatments for obsessive-compulsive disorder.

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Rumination about obsessive symptoms and mood maintains obsessive-compulsive symptoms and depressed mood: An experimental study.

Cited by 15 publications

References 24 publications

Exam-related unwanted intrusive thoughts and related neutralizing behaviors: Analogues to obsessions and compulsions

Exam-related unwanted intrusive thoughts and related neutralizing behaviors: Analogues to obsessions and compulsions

Rumination as a Transdiagnostic Phenomenon in the 21st Century: The Flow Model of Rumination

Mediating Role of Rumination and Negative Affect in the Effect of Mind-Wandering on Symptoms in Patients With Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder

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