Rural Family Caregivers’ Discoveries Following a Person-in-Context Dementia Simulation

Harrington, C; Hardin, Sonya R.; Cacchione, Pamela Z.; Roberson, Donna W.; Neil, Janice A.

doi:10.14574/ojrnhc.v22i1.695

Cited by 3 publications

(11 citation statements)

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“…Of the resulting seven studies, three were quantitative studies (one non-randomized controlled trial; one factorial randomized controlled trial; and one with a single group pre-and-post design), and four were qualitative studies (two phenomenological and two qualitative descriptive studies) that contributed to both the quantitative and qualitative components. These studies were carried out in the United States (Han & Brown, 2020;Harrington et al, 2022), South Korea (Han et al, 2019(Han et al, , 2021, the Netherlands (Jütten et al, 2018;Wijma et al, 2018), and Ireland (Slater et al, 2019) and were published from 2018 to 2022. Caregivers included in these studies were spouse/partner, child, granddaughter, daughter-in-law, sister, friends, and other informal caregivers of people with dementia.…”

Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…The VR-based simulation programs were Dementia Live™ (Han et al, 2019(Han et al, , 2021Han & Brown, 2020), Virtual Dementia Tour™ (Harrington et al, 2022;Slater et al, 2019), Into D'mentia (Jütten et al, 2018), and Through the D'mentia Lens (Wijma et al, 2018). More information about the specifications of these four programs can be seen in Table 3.…”

Section: Characteristics Of the Vr-based Simulation Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…While informal caregivers expected that dementia was a mental issue, they did not expect that older PWD would encounter issues of sensation and perception (Harrington et al, 2022): I didn't understand. I thought it was a mental issue and not a [depth] perception issue.…”

Section: Category 1: Insight Into the Altered Sensation And Perceptio...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…I didn't realize how disoriented I would be having all the stuff on and how difficult some of the tasks were. I thought it was much more difficult than I thought it was gonna be (p. 74) Some informal caregivers experienced difficulties in listening or in communicating verbally in the VR simulation, which eventually helped them to develop an understanding of the feelings of their loved one with dementia (Han et al, 2019;Harrington et al, 2022): Experiencing altered sensations and perceptions helped the informal caregivers to further develop insights into the emotions and behaviours of older PWD, which will be discussed below under the following two categories.…”

Section: Category 1: Insight Into the Altered Sensation And Perceptio...mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Category 5: Timelier behaviour After the VR-based simulation, the informal caregivers were more capable of responding to the confused behaviour of older PWD. For example, one informal caregiver was able to offer timelier guidance to his/her loved one, resulting in a less stressful situation within the dyad (Harrington et al, 2022): The effect of the VR-based simulation was not only limited to caregiving within the dyad. Informal caregivers even benefitted from the insight into their own risk of developing dementia and began to practice a healthy lifestyle to prevent dementia (Han et al, 2019):…”

Section: Category 4: a More Lenient And Patient Attitudementioning

confidence: 99%

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Virtual reality‐based simulation intervention for enhancing the empathy of informal caregivers of people with dementia: A mixed‐methods systematic review

Huang,

Ho,

Christensen

et al. 2023

Int J Mental Health Nurs

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Dementia is a long‐term and progressive syndrome that not only influences the person with dementia (PWD) but also the caregiver. However, informal caregivers are not always empathic and understand the symptoms of dementia, leading to destructive caregiving relationships and poor quality of caregiving. VR‐based simulation interventions can provide a more realistic and memorable learning experience for caregivers to walk in PWDs' shoes. This review aimed to provide practitioners and researchers with insights on developing and/or adopting an effective VR‐based simulation intervention for enhancing the empathy of informal caregivers of PWD. A mixed‐methods systematic review was conducted. Quantitative, qualitative, and mixed‐methods studies were searched from MEDLINE, PsycINFO, CINAHL, Scopus, Embase, and Cochrane Library updating. Standard JBI critical appraisal instruments were used for the quality appraisal. A convergent segregated approach was used to synthesize and integrate the data. A total of seven studies were included. Inconsistent quantitative results were reported on the effects of VR‐based simulation on empathy enhancement. Significant effects were reported on knowledge of dementia and emotion‐focused coping strategies. Two themes were generated from the qualitative studies, including “Informal caregivers gained better insight into problems encountered by older people with dementia” and “Thinking from the perspective of older people with dementia, leading to changes in attitudes and behaviours towards dementia”. The qualitative synthesized evidence showed that informal caregivers gained better insight into problems encountered by PWD, but the quantitative synthesized results are inconsistent. Yet, informal caregivers experienced a change in attitude by thinking from the perspective of PWD.

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Section: Study Characteristicsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Characteristics Of the Vr-based Simulation Interventionsmentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Category 1: Insight Into the Altered Sensation And Perceptio...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Category 1: Insight Into the Altered Sensation And Perceptio...mentioning

confidence: 99%

Section: Category 4: a More Lenient And Patient Attitudementioning

confidence: 99%

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Virtual reality‐based simulation intervention for enhancing the empathy of informal caregivers of people with dementia: A mixed‐methods systematic review

Huang,

Ho,

Christensen

et al. 2023

Int J Mental Health Nurs

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Representing the Needs of Rural Caregivers of People Living With Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias Through User Personas

Jolliff,

Hill,

Zuraw

et al. 2024

Innovation in Aging

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Background and Objectives Rural caregivers of people living with Alzheimer’s disease and related dementias (ADRD) face unique caregiving challenges. Current interventions do not address many of the systemic barriers experienced by rural ADRD caregivers, including barriers related to geography, healthcare services access, and financial insecurity. The objective of this study was to gain a deeper understanding of rural ADRD caregivers’ needs, strengths, and strategies in obtaining caregiving support, and to represent these attributes in the form of personas that can be used to design interventions for rural ADRD caregivers. Research Design and Methods In this qualitative user-centered design study, we conducted semi-structured interviews with self-identified caregivers of people living with ADRD in rural areas. Interview data was copied to a virtual whiteboard, and affinity diagramming was used to confirm a priori attributes and yield inductive attributes relevant to rural ADRD caregivers. Attributes were assigned to personas, which were then validated through team-based discussion, consultation with a study advisory board, and review by rural caregivers and community partners. Results Analyses of N=19 interviews yielded seven inductive attributes relevant to rural ADRD caregivers of persons living with ADRD and five distinct personas: Capable Christine, Connected Connie, Isolated Irene, Learning Larry, and Discerning Dan. Personas differed on inductive attributes including financial security, subjective rurality, attitudes, connectedness, and information behavior, including preferences for traditional versus technology-based information seeking. Discussion and Implications The personas identified in the present study can be used as tools to represent and efficiently communicate the intersection and interaction of attributes relevant to designing interventions and technologies to meet the support needs of rural ADRD caregivers.

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Use of Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality Technologies to Support Resilience and Skill-Building in Caregivers of Persons With Dementia: A Scoping Review

Kokorelias,

Chiu,

Paul

et al. 2024

Cureus

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Dementia presents a growing public health challenge with most affected individuals living at home, placing significant responsibility on their caregivers. Various interventions, from traditional support groups and education programs to emerging technologies, and more specifically virtual reality (VR) and augmented reality (AR), aim to enhance caregiver skills. While VR/AR shows promise in educating and fostering empathy among caregivers and healthcare professionals, its overall effectiveness and practicality in older adults and dementia care warrant further exploration. This review aimed to summarize currently available VR and AR interventions tailored for family caregivers of persons living with dementia (PLWD) in home or clinical settings, including their level of effectiveness, and to compile a summary of features that contributed to technology acceptance in family caregivers of PLWD. We conducted a systematic search in OVID PsychInfo, CINAHL, Google Scholar, and ERIC, as well as CADTH’s Grey Matters, OpenGrey, National Technical Information Service, OAIster, and Health Quality Ontario, to comprehensively summarize the existing evidence underscoring the role of VR and AR in supporting education, resilience-building, and skills training for family caregivers of PLWD. The search terms were built with the assistance of a research librarian and involved synonyms for VR, AR, and dementia. Two screeners conducted a rigorous screening and data extraction to analyze and summarize findings. Studies were included if they focused on family caregivers engaging in interventions utilizing a three-dimensional VR environment and/or Metaverse for group learning in psychotherapeutic modalities such as psychoeducation, therapy, communication, and skill-building. The primary outcome of the studies was assessing measures of well-being (e.g., quality of life, communication, interaction, personhood) and learning outcomes for caregivers, while the secondary outcomes focused on identifying barriers and facilitators influencing the acceptability of VR/AR among dementia caregivers. Content analysis and descriptive statistics were used to summarize key trends in technology and evidence effectiveness and acceptability. Of the 1,641 articles found, 112 were included, with six articles meeting inclusion for analysis. Studies differed in duration and frequency of data collection, with interventions varying from single events to months-long programs, often employing home-based approaches using VR or online platforms. No study used AR. Usability issues and unclear benefits of use were identified as factors that hinder technology acceptance for dementia caregivers. However, technologies demonstrated engaging user experiences, fostering skill-building, confidence, and competence among caregivers. Positive psychological effects were also observed, facilitated by immersive VR and AR interventions, resulting in improved caregiver empathy and reduced stress, depression, and loneliness. VR and AR inte...

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Rural Family Caregivers’ Discoveries Following a Person-in-Context Dementia Simulation

Cited by 3 publications

References 0 publications

Virtual reality‐based simulation intervention for enhancing the empathy of informal caregivers of people with dementia: A mixed‐methods systematic review

Virtual reality‐based simulation intervention for enhancing the empathy of informal caregivers of people with dementia: A mixed‐methods systematic review

Representing the Needs of Rural Caregivers of People Living With Alzheimer’s Disease and Related Dementias Through User Personas

Use of Virtual Reality and Augmented Reality Technologies to Support Resilience and Skill-Building in Caregivers of Persons With Dementia: A Scoping Review

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