Ruthenium(II) complexes coordinated to graphitic carbon nitride: Oxygen self-sufficient photosensitizers which produce multiple ROS for photodynamic therapy in hypoxia

Wei, Fangmian; Kuang, Shi; Rees, Thomas W.; Liao, Xinxing; Liu, Jiangping; Luo, Di‐Qing; Wang, Jinquan; Zhang, Xiting; Ji, Liang‐Nian; Chao, Hui

doi:10.1016/j.biomaterials.2021.121064

Cited by 77 publications

(42 citation statements)

References 82 publications

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“…Ru(II)-based complexes are a promising platform in medicine for their potential applications in disease diagnosis and treatment due to their unique and attractive biological properties 28 – 34 . Furthermore, the rich excited states and tunable photo-physicochemical properties of the Ru(II)-based complexes provide great advantage for the development of Ru(II)-based photosensitizers 35 – 40 . The notable example is a Ru (II) polypyridyl complex, TLD-1433, which is currently in a phase II clinical trial as a photosensitizer for treating non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) 41 .…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A supramolecular photosensitizer derived from an Arene-Ru(II) complex self-assembly for NIR activated photodynamic and photothermal therapy

Chen

et al. 2022

Nat Commun

105

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Effective photosensitizers are of particular importance for the widespread clinical utilization of phototherapy. However, conventional photosensitizers are usually plagued by short-wavelength absorption, inadequate photostability, low reactive oxygen species (ROS) quantum yields, and aggregation-caused ROS quenching. Here, we report a near-infrared (NIR)-supramolecular photosensitizer (RuDA) via self-assembly of an organometallic Ru(II)-arene complex in aqueous solution. RuDA can generate singlet oxygen (1O2) only in aggregate state, showing distinct aggregation-induced 1O2 generation behavior due to the greatly increased singlet-triplet intersystem crossing process. Upon 808 nm laser irradiation, RuDA with excellent photostability displays efficient 1O2 and heat generation in a 1O2 quantum yield of 16.4% (FDA-approved indocyanine green: ΦΔ = 0.2%) together with high photothermal conversion efficiency of 24.2% (commercial gold nanorods: 21.0%, gold nanoshells: 13.0%). In addition, RuDA-NPs with good biocompatibility can be preferably accumulated at tumor sites, inducing significant tumor regression with a 95.2% tumor volume reduction in vivo during photodynamic therapy. This aggregation enhanced photodynamic therapy provides a strategy for the design of photosensitizers with promising photophysical and photochemical characteristics.

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Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

A supramolecular photosensitizer derived from an Arene-Ru(II) complex self-assembly for NIR activated photodynamic and photothermal therapy

Chen

et al. 2022

Nat Commun

105

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“…Although Ru (II) polypyridine complexes have high 1 O 2 generation and stability, the hypoxic microenvironment limits their PDT efficacy ( Karges et al, 2020 ). Therefore, Wei’s group synthesized a novel oxygen self-sufficient PS (Ru-g-C 3 N 4 ) by grafting [Ru (Bpy) 2 ] 2+ onto g-C 3 N 4 nanosheets through Ru-N bonds Wei et al (2021) . The incorporation of [Ru (Bpy) 2 ] 2+ enabled Ru-g-C 3 N 4 to obtain high loading capacity, narrow bandgap and high stability, thereby greatly improving the PDT efficiency.…”

Section: Strategies For Nanoparticle-based Photocontrolled Deliverymentioning

confidence: 99%

Progress of Nanomaterials in Photodynamic Therapy Against Tumor

Chen

Huang

et al. 2022

Front. Bioeng. Biotechnol.

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Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is an advanced therapeutic strategy with light-triggered, minimally invasive, high spatiotemporal selective and low systemic toxicity properties, which has been widely used in the clinical treatment of many solid tumors in recent years. Any strategies that improve the three elements of PDT (light, oxygen, and photosensitizers) can improve the efficacy of PDT. However, traditional PDT is confronted some challenges of poor solubility of photosensitizers and tumor suppressive microenvironment. To overcome the related obstacles of PDT, various strategies have been investigated in terms of improving photosensitizers (PSs) delivery, penetration of excitation light sources, and hypoxic tumor microenvironment. In addition, compared with a single treatment mode, the synergistic treatment of multiple treatment modalities such as photothermal therapy, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy can improve the efficacy of PDT. This review summarizes recent advances in nanomaterials, including metal nanoparticles, liposomes, hydrogels and polymers, to enhance the efficiency of PDT against malignant tumor.

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“…[4][5][6] In recent years, fluorescence imaging-guided photodynamic therapy (PDT) has emerged as a promising method for cancer treatment by virtue of controllability, noninvasiveness, high selectivity, low toxicity, and easy operation without drug resistance. [7][8][9][10][11][12] Light-excited photosensitizers (PSs) are the crucial therapeutic agents of PDT, which can generate reactive oxygen species (ROS) with strong phototoxicity to destroy cancer cells in the presence of light irradiation and oxygen. [13][14][15][16][17][18][19] To date, various PS molecules have been constructed and utilized for imaging-guided PDT, including boron dipyrromethene (BODIPY), porphyrins, 20 and phthalocyanines.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Molecular engineering to achieve AIE-active photosensitizers with NIR emission and rapid ROS generation efficiency

et al. 2022

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Ruthenium(II) complexes coordinated to graphitic carbon nitride: Oxygen self-sufficient photosensitizers which produce multiple ROS for photodynamic therapy in hypoxia

Cited by 77 publications

References 82 publications

A supramolecular photosensitizer derived from an Arene-Ru(II) complex self-assembly for NIR activated photodynamic and photothermal therapy

A supramolecular photosensitizer derived from an Arene-Ru(II) complex self-assembly for NIR activated photodynamic and photothermal therapy

Progress of Nanomaterials in Photodynamic Therapy Against Tumor

Molecular engineering to achieve AIE-active photosensitizers with NIR emission and rapid ROS generation efficiency

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