Ruthenium–tin cluster complexes and their applications as bimetallic nanoscale heterogeneous hydrogenation catalysts

Abstract

This review describes recent studies on the synthesis and characterization of new polynuclear ruthenium-tin cluster complexes, their conversion to heterometallic nanoparticles, and some studies on their applications as catalysts for the hydrogenation of unsaturated organic molecules of commercial interest.

The reactions of Ir(CO)Cl(PPh3)2 with HSnPh3

“…Compound 5 contains six ligands: two SnPh 3 , one PPh 3 , two CO ligands and one hydride arranged in an octahedral-like geometry. The two SnPh 3 ligands are trans to one another, but are displaced toward the hydride ligand, Sn(1)eIr(1)e Sn(2) ¼ 153.76 (2) . The Ir -Sn distances, Ir(1) -Sn(1) ¼ 2.6649(5) Å, Ir(1) -Sn(2) ¼ 2.6744(6) Å are similar to that in 4.…”

Synthesis of homo- and heteronuclear ruthenium–gold clusters with diphosphine and thiolato bridged ligands. Single crystal molecular structure of [Ru3(CO)10(μ-AuPPh3)(μ-SC5H4N)] and [Ru3(CO)8(μ-H)(μ-SC5H4N)(μ-dppe)]

“…1), similar to that found for analogous osmium compound [Os 3 (CO) 10 (m-Cl)(m-AuPPh 3 )] [21]. Three singlet resonances at 208.4 and 205.0 were assigned to CO (5,6) , and the singlet at 194.2 ppm was assigned to CO [4], these 3 CO groups are bonded to the ruthenium atom not bonded to the AuPPh 3 group, a doublet resonance at 196.0 ppm, ( 3 J13 Ce 31 P ¼ 13.8 Hz), was assigned to the CO (2) in trans position to the Au atom and the doublet resonances at 203.6 and 191.2 ppm, with coupling constants 3 J13 Ce 31 P of 2.3 Hz, were assigned to CO (1,3) , in cis position to the Au atom, Fig. 1.…”

“…The potential advantage of cluster compounds is related to the fact that several metal atoms linked together can provide specific sites of interaction or cooperative reactivity between substrate and cluster [1,2]. In the case of heterometallic clusters, it has been suggested that the inert polarity of heterometallic bond can direct the selectivity of substrateecatalyst interactions [1,3].…”

Tailored Nanoparticles for Clean Technology–Achieving Size and Shape Control

“…For example, liquid-phase synthesis of gold colloids stabilized by capping groups and with narrow metal core size distributions dates back to the nineteenth-century studies by Faraday [78]. Immobilization of colloids and clusters onto supports is an important step in the fabrication of heterogeneous catalysts [52,[79][80][81][82][83][84]. The postfabrication activation of such catalysts by calcination [85][86][87][88][89][90] or washing [91] could afford naked nanoparticles defined by the specific precursor (colloid or cluster).…”