2018
DOI: 10.1007/s10854-018-8703-2
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Rutile TiO2 films as electron transport layer in inverted organic solar cell

Abstract: Titanium dioxide (TiO 2 ) thin films were prepared by sol-gel spin coating method and deposited on ITO-coated glass substrates. The effects of different heat treatment annealing temperatures on the phase composition of TiO 2 films and its effect on the optical band gap, morphological, structural as well as using these layers in P3HT:PCBM-based organic solar cell were examined. The results show the presence of rutile phases in the TiO 2 films which were heat-treated for 2h at different temperatures (200 o C, 30… Show more

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Cited by 15 publications
(5 citation statements)
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“…At the same time, the ETL also modies the interface between the photoactive layer and the electrode, minimizing interface defects, and charge recombination. 6 To realize a perfect ETL for enhancing the performance of OSCs, numerous materials including n-type metal oxide semiconductors such as titanium oxide (TiO x ), 7,8 Zinc Oxide (ZnO), 9 stannic oxide (SnO 2 ), 10 cesium carbonate (Cs 2 CO 3 ), 11,12 and polymers, carbon-based materials, small-molecules, 13,14 hybrids/composites, 15 and other evolving contestants have been grown-up as ETL in inverted BHJ OSCs. [16][17][18] Among them, ZnO is a more attractive material owing to its excellent optical transparency, relatively high electron mobility, environment-friendly nature, and ease of fabrication.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…At the same time, the ETL also modies the interface between the photoactive layer and the electrode, minimizing interface defects, and charge recombination. 6 To realize a perfect ETL for enhancing the performance of OSCs, numerous materials including n-type metal oxide semiconductors such as titanium oxide (TiO x ), 7,8 Zinc Oxide (ZnO), 9 stannic oxide (SnO 2 ), 10 cesium carbonate (Cs 2 CO 3 ), 11,12 and polymers, carbon-based materials, small-molecules, 13,14 hybrids/composites, 15 and other evolving contestants have been grown-up as ETL in inverted BHJ OSCs. [16][17][18] Among them, ZnO is a more attractive material owing to its excellent optical transparency, relatively high electron mobility, environment-friendly nature, and ease of fabrication.…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%
“…An assortment of ETL materials, including low work function metals or related salts, e.g., Ca ( Anagnostou et al, 2019 ; Ghosekar and Patil, 2019 ; Lian et al, 2019 ; Song et al, 2019 ; Yu et al, 2019 ) and LiF ( Zhao and Alford, 2018 ; Lee et al, 2019 ; Zheng et al, 2019 ; Adedeji et al, 2020 ; Li et al, 2020b ), and n-type semiconducting metal oxides, e.g., ZnO ( Upama et al, 2017 ; Ahmad et al, 2019 ; Frankenstein et al, 2019 ; Zhang X. et al, 2020 ; Usmani et al, 2021 ) and TiO 2 ( Lin et al, 2013 ; Sun et al, 2016 ; Al-hashimi et al, 2018 ; Abdallaoui et al, 2020 ; Chaudhary et al, 2021 ), have been commonly used to fabricate OSCs. However, Ca and LiF are usually deposited by thermal evaporation in a high vacuum environment at high temperature, which is expensive, complicated and incompatible with flexible devices; hence, making them unfavourable.…”
Section: Charge Transport Layermentioning
confidence: 99%
“…Considering their vital value to the electron extraction process, the cathode interlayer between the active layer and the cathode plays a crucial role in the production of effective and stable OSCs. However, the types of cathode interface materials that could be applied to high-performance inverted OSCs (i-OSCs) are still very rare, mainly metal oxides such as ZnO and TiO 2 . , Several amino-containing organic interface materials such as PEI and PEIE have been reported to be used well in fullerene-based OSCs but not in nonfullerene-based OSCs. This is due to unfavorable chemical reactions (the amine group reacts as a nucleophile with the CC linker in non-fullerene acceptors through an addition reaction) .…”
Section: Introductionmentioning
confidence: 99%