S-carboxymethylcysteine in the treatment of glue ear: quantitative systematic review

Moore, R Andrew; Commins, D. J.; Bates, G. J.; Phillips, Ceri

doi:10.1186/1471-2296-2-3

Cited by 23 publications

(12 citation statements)

References 29 publications

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“…Although the contribution of mucus production on asthmatic airways is still unclear, MUC5AC and other mucin genes have been shown to be related to asthma status in clinical studies [7] and in animal models [8]. S-carboxymethylcysteine (S-CMC) has been used as a mucoregulator for treating chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma and chronic nasal diseases, such as chronic sinusitis or otitis media, with some efficacy [9][10][11]. However, there have been few studies addressing potential efficacy or mechanism of action in allergen-induced asthma.…”

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confidence: 99%

S-carboxymethylcysteine normalises airway responsiveness in sensitised and challenged mice

et al. 2005

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S-carboxymethylcysteine (S-CMC) has been used as a mucoregulator in respiratory diseases. However, the mechanism of action of S-CMC on allergic airway inflammation has not yet been defined.In the present study, BALB/c mice were initially sensitised and challenged to ovalbumin (OVA) and, weeks later, re-challenged with OVA (secondary challenge). S-CMC (5-100 mg?kg -1 ) was administered from 2 days before the secondary challenge through to the day of assay. Mice developed airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) 6 h after the secondary challenge and increased numbers of neutrophils were present in the bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid. At 72 h after secondary challenge, mice again developed AHR, but the BAL fluid contained large numbers of eosinophils. S-CMC treatment was found to reduce AHR and neutrophilia at 6 h, as well as eosinophilia and AHR at 72 h. These effects appeared to be dose dependent. Goblet cell hyperplasia, observed at 72 h, was reduced by S-CMC. In BAL fluid, increased levels of interferonc, interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-10 and decreased levels of IL-5 and IL-13 were detected.In conclusion, the data indicate that S-carboxymethylcysteine is effective in reducing airway hyperresponsiveness and airway inflammation at two distinct phases of the response to the secondary allergen challenge in sensitised mice.

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confidence: 99%

S-carboxymethylcysteine normalises airway responsiveness in sensitised and challenged mice

et al. 2005

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“…Oral administration of S-CMC accelerated clearance of middle ear effusion in experimental otitis media with effusion [12]. Metaanalysis of seven articles showed that use of S-CMC resulted in a 35% improvement of otitis media with effusion compared with only 17% improvement in the control group [13]. In the present study, we investigated the effect of add-on administration of CAM to S-CMC for persistent inflammation after acute middle ear infection subsided.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 93%

Clinical effects of clarithromycin on persistent inflammation following Haemophilus influenzae-positive acute otitis media

Iino

Yoshida

Kato³

et al. 2015

Acta Oto-Laryngologica

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Conclusion: Additional treatment with clarithromycin (CAM) reduced persistent middle ear inflammation after acute otitis media (AOM) caused by Haemophilus influenzae in children. CAM is a treatment option for persistent inflammation following AOM and to prevent continuing otitis media with effusion. Objective: We conducted a clinical study to evaluate a new method of treatment for persistent inflammation after AOM in children. Methods: H. influenzae-infected children with AOM were treated acutely with antimicrobial agents, after which those still demonstrating effusion of the middle ear cavity received additional treatment with carbocysteine (S-CMC) alone or S-CMC combined with clarithromycin (CAM) for 1 week. The two regimens were compared in terms of clinical effects. Results: After the initial acute treatment, many patients still showed abnormal otoscopic findings. At the completion of additional treatment, there were no significant differences between the two treatment groups. However, 1 week after completion of additional treatment, the prevalence of a diminished light reflex was significantly lower in the CAM + S-CMC group than in the S-CMC group (p = 0.017). The prevalence of redness of the tympanic membrane also tended to be lower in the combined treatment group than in those receiving a single drug (p = 0.097).

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“…[18] Moore et al evaluated 283 children in seven different studies and reported CMS as a safe drug for the treatment of OME. [19] In contrast to all of these studies, van der Merwe et al conducted a study on 60 people and compared bromhexin with placebo in delaying resolution of middle ear effusion. [20] In another study, CMS has been shown to have no effect on the viscosity of the treatment process and, it has been suggested that CMS is ineffective in the treatment of OME.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effect of N-acetylcysteine for the treatment of otitis media with effusion

Boztepe¹,

Gün²,

Gür³

et al. 2014

J Med Updates

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Otitis media with effusion (OME) is characterized by nonspecific inflammation of the middle ear mucosa and secretory transformation of the epithelial layer, resulting in fluid accumulation in the middle ear space. [1,2] Infection and Eustachian tube dysfunction are generally accepted as the most important pathogenetic factors.[3] Despite active Özet Amaç: Bu çal›flman›n amac› efüzyonlu otitis media tedavisinde mukopeptid k›r›c› ajan olan N-asetilsisteinin etkinli¤ini göstermektir.Yöntem: Klini¤imize baflvuran ve efüzyonlu otitis media tan›s› konan 64 hasta çal›flmaya al›nd›. Çal›flma grubuna dâhil edilen 33 hastaya antibiyotik, dekonjestan ve N-asetilsistein, kontrol grubuna ise sadece antibiyotik ve dekonjestan uyguland›. Her iki grup, düflük frekansl› prob (226 Hz) cihaz› ile tedaviden önce ve tedaviden bir ay, üç ay ve 6 ay sonra incelendi. Hastalar›n timpanometrik ve saf ton odyometrik muayeneleri yap›ld›.Bulgular: Birinci ay›n sonunda, çal›flma ve kontrol gruplar›nda sol ve sa¤ kulak iyileflme oranlar› s›ras›yla yüzde %66 ve %72'ye karfl›l›k %13 ve %22 idi. Alt›nc› ayda, sol ve sa¤ kulak için çal›flma grubu iyileflme oranlar› s›ras›yla %91 ve %94 iken, kontrol grubunda bu oranlar %48 ve % %55 olarak bulundu.Sonuç: N-asetilsistein, effüzyonlu orta kulak iltihab› tedavisinde kullan›labilir. Ancak, N-asetilsisteinin efüzyonlu otitis media üzerindeki etkinli¤i ve uzun dönem etkilerini de¤erlendirmek için daha fazla hasta üzerinde çal›flmalar yap›lmas› gereklidir.Anahtar sözcükler: N-asetilsistein, efüzyonlu otitis media, medikal tedavi. AbstractObjective: To show the efficacy of mucopeptid breaking agent Nacetylcysteine on the treatment of otitis media with effusion.Methods: A total of 64 patients who were admitted to our clinic and diagnosed otitis media with effusion were included in the study. The study group of 33 patients were administered antibiotics, decongestants, and N-acetylcysteine. The control group was treated with only antibiotics and decongestants. Both groups of patients were examined with a low-frequency probe tone (226 Hz) device before, one month, three months and 6 months after the treatment. Tympanometric and pure tone audiometric examination of the patients were performed. Results:At the end of the first month, recovery rates of the left and right ears in the study and control groups were 66 and 72% vs. 13 and 22%, respectively. At sixth month, recovery rates for the left and right ears in the study group were 91 and 94%, respectively, while the corresponding recovery rates were 48 and 55% in the control group.Conclusion: N-acetylcysteine can be used in the treatment of otitis media with effusion as a medical agent. However, studies on more patients are needed to evaluate the efficacy and long-term effect of Nacetylcysteine on otitis media with effusion.

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S-carboxymethylcysteine in the treatment of glue ear: quantitative systematic review

Cited by 23 publications

References 29 publications

S-carboxymethylcysteine normalises airway responsiveness in sensitised and challenged mice

S-carboxymethylcysteine normalises airway responsiveness in sensitised and challenged mice

Clinical effects of clarithromycin on persistent inflammation following Haemophilus influenzae-positive acute otitis media

Effect of N-acetylcysteine for the treatment of otitis media with effusion

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