S‐matrix definition for microwave‐optical transducers

Abstract

There is no rigorous definition of the S matrix for the electro‐optic components. This article proposes such a characterization, based on usual microwave theory. Transmission‐line models, reflection coefficient, and available gain definitions are also proposed. © 1994 John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

Calibrated measurement of optoelectronic frequency response

“…Our restrictions, however, and the lack of information on the optical carrier prevent us from developing scattering-parameter representations for many optical/optical components, as was done in [28] and [29], and for optical/electronic components, as was done in [30]. For example, it is not possible to develop a scattering-parameter representation for optical/optical or optical/electronic components if those components generate optical reflections, if they are dispersive, or if they filter the optical signal, for example, by eliminating the optical carrier or one of the sidebands.…”

Microwave photonic links based on transistor lasers: Voltage modulation versus current modulation

“…Our approach is an extension of that developed in [13]- [14] for two-port optoelectronic devices. It is applied here to the three-port transistor laser operated in a common emitter configuration as shown in Fig.1.…”

“…Using the approach in [13], the modulated optical power wave emanating from port 3 in response to i B and/or v CE is denoted by:…”

Characterization of Microwave Photonic Components

“…However, Stockbroeckx et al entertain the theoretical possibility of nonzero values for both, and using a similar approach to the derivation of Equation (10.29), the envelope S-matrix for a bilateral laser diode is given by: where h R denotes inverse transmittance [40]. For a general O/E two-port, we have:…”

“…and a similar approach yields the envelope S-matrix for a photodiode [40]: Although laser diodes and photodiodes are not bilateral, it is possible to use them to construct bilateral electro-optic networks (BEONs) which permit forward (E-O) and reverse (O-E) transmission, as shown in Figure 10.18. The microwave circulator separates incident and reflected electrical power waves, while the optical directional coupler performs a similar function for lightwaves.…”