Safety assessment of HEA‐enriched <i>Cordyceps cicadae</i> mycelia on the central nervous system (CNS), cardiovascular system, and respiratory system in ICR male mice

Fu, Hsin-I; Hsu, Jui-Hsia; Li, Tsung‐Ju; Yeh, Shu-Hsing; Chen, Chin‐Chu

doi:10.1002/fsn3.2440

Cited by 7 publications

(5 citation statements)

References 45 publications

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“…This proved that HEA could pass through the blood–brain barrier (BBB). The CCME promptly initiated IOP reduction at 1 h following the oral route [ 19 ]. Studies on pharmacokinetics and blood–retina–barrier (BRB) are also needed.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Lowering the Intraocular Pressure in Rats and Rabbits by Cordyceps cicadae Extract and Its Active Compounds

Lee

Hsu

et al. 2022

Molecules

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Cordyceps cicadae (CC), an entomogenous fungus that has been reported to have therapeutic glaucoma, is a major cause of blindness worldwide and is characterized by progressive retinal ganglion cell (RGC) death, mostly due to elevated intraocular pressure (IOP). Here, an ethanolic extract of C. cicadae mycelium (CCME), a traditional medicinal mushroom, was studied for its potential in lowering IOP in rat and rabbit models. Data showed that CCME could significantly (60.5%) reduce the IOP induced by microbead occlusion after 56 days of oral administration. The apoptosis of retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) in rats decreased by 77.2%. CCME was also shown to lower the IOP of normal and dextrose-infusion-induced rabbits within 60 min after oral feeding. There were dose effects, and the effect was repeatable. The active ingredient, N6-(2-hydroxyethyl)-adenosine (HEA), was also shown to alleviate 29.6% IOP at 0.2 mg/kg body weight in this rabbit model. CCME was confirmed with only minor inhibition in the phosphorylated myosin light chain 2 (pMLC2) pathway.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Treatment with HEA (20 and 40 mg/kg) for six weeks reduced blood glucose in alloxan-induced diabetic rats [ 9 ]. The safety of C. cicadae mycelium has been evaluated in rat, rabbit, pig, and mouse models, as well as humans [ 10 , 11 , 12 , 13 , 14 , 15 , 16 , 17 , 18 , 19 ].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Lowering the Intraocular Pressure in Rats and Rabbits by Cordyceps cicadae Extract and Its Active Compounds

Lee

Hsu

et al. 2022

Molecules

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“…O sinensis has multiple bioactivities, including those relating to antitumor, immune regulation, cardiovascular protection, treatment of diabetes, and anti-oxidation. [2][3][4][5][6][7] The cultured mycelium of O sinensis is regarded as a substitute for O sinensis and appears to have significant biological activity. Indeed, Wu et al found that sphingolipids isolated from the cultured mycelium of O sinensis demonstrated immunological activity by inhibiting the viability of mouse splenocytes, as well as that of splenocyte-derived B and T cells.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Uncovering anti-influenza mechanism of Ophiocordyceps sinensis using network pharmacology, molecular pharmacology, and metabolomics

Zhou,

Wang,

Sun

et al. 2023

Medicine

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Ophiocordyceps sinensis is a precious Chinese traditional herb with a long medicinal history. This study used UPLC-MS metabolomics to explore and compare the metabolic profiles of the stroma (OSBSz), sclerotium (OSBSh), and mycelium (OSBS) of O sinensis to analyze their differential metabolites and identified potential active components. Then combined with network pharmacology and molecular docking to explore the mechanism of differential metabolites with anti-influenza properties. The results indicate that the stroma, sclerotium, and mycelium showed significant differences in metabolites. The key pathways for differential metabolites were butanoate metabolism, thiamin metabolism, alanine, aspartate and glutamate metabolism, citrate cycle, and arginine biosynthesis. Protein-protein interaction analysis identified potential targets, including SRC, RHOA, HSP90AA1, VEGFA, ITGB1, PRKCA, and ITGA1, and the key protective pathways in-volved PI3K-Akt, HIF-1, influenza A, and Coronavirus disease 2019. The molecular docking results showed that the core metabolite D-(−)-glutamine has high binding affinity with SRC, RHOA, and EGFR, re-flecting the multi-component and multi-target network system of O sinensis. In short, the combination of metabonomics, network pharmacology and macromolecular docking technology provides a new way to explore the anti-influenza research of O sinensis. This is undoubtedly an important theoretical support for the clinical application of O sinensis in the future.

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“…Our previous research into eye health has shown promising results, motivating us to investigate other important aspects that have yet to be studied. Specifically, we discovered that HEA was present in brain tissue, indicating that it was able to penetrate the blood–brain barrier [ 31 ]. This suggests that the compound may have potential in alleviating eye diseases, thus, helping to reduce the effects of eye disease and contributing to overall improvements in ocular health.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Preventative Effects of Cordyceps cicadae Mycelial Extracts on the Early-Stage Development of Cataracts in UVB-Induced Mice Cataract Model

Chang

Jhou

et al. 2023

Nutrients

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Cataracts, a prevalent age-related eye condition, pose a significant global health concern, with rising rates due to an aging population and increased digital device usage. In Taiwan, cataract prevalence is particularly high, reaching up to 90% among individuals aged 70 and above. The lens of the eye absorbs short-wave light, which can lead to oxidative stress in lens epithelial cells and contribute to cataract formation. Exposure to ultraviolet (UV) light further exacerbates the risk of cataracts by generating reactive oxygen species. Heat-shock proteins (HSPs), involved in protein maintenance and repair, have been linked to cataract development. Cordyceps cicadae (C. cicadae), a traditional Chinese medicine, has a long history of use and is known for its pharmacological effects. N6-(2-hydroxyethyl) adenosine (HEA), a bioactive compound found in C. cicadae, exhibits anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and neuroprotective properties. Previous studies have shown that C. cicadae mycelial extracts improve dry eye disease and reduce intraocular pressure in animal models. Additionally, C. cicadae possesses antioxidant properties, which are beneficial for combating cataract formation. In this study, we aim to evaluate the preventive efficacy of C. cicadae mycelial extracts in UV-induced cataract development. By investigating the ameliorative effects of C. cicadae on eye diseases and its potential role in ocular health improvement, we hope to uncover new options for cataract prevention and provide insights into the mechanisms of action. The findings of this research could provide a novel approach for nutritional supplements targeting cataract prevention, offering potential benefits in the field of ocular health.

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Safety assessment of HEA‐enriched Cordyceps cicadae mycelia on the central nervous system (CNS), cardiovascular system, and respiratory system in ICR male mice

Cited by 7 publications

References 45 publications

Lowering the Intraocular Pressure in Rats and Rabbits by Cordyceps cicadae Extract and Its Active Compounds

Lowering the Intraocular Pressure in Rats and Rabbits by Cordyceps cicadae Extract and Its Active Compounds

Uncovering anti-influenza mechanism of Ophiocordyceps sinensis using network pharmacology, molecular pharmacology, and metabolomics

Preventative Effects of Cordyceps cicadae Mycelial Extracts on the Early-Stage Development of Cataracts in UVB-Induced Mice Cataract Model

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