Safety issues in human-robot interactions

Vasić, Milica; Billard, Aude

doi:10.1109/icra.2013.6630576

Cited by 205 publications

(93 citation statements)

References 27 publications

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“…We can differentiate three categories related to the safety improvements in human-robot interactions [10]. The first one is the ability of robot to detect and to avoid collisions.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safer hybrid workspace using human-robot interaction while sharing production activities

Meziane

Otis

et al. 2014

2014 IEEE International Symposium on Robotic and Sensors Environments (ROSE) Proceedings

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Abstract-In a near future, human and industrial manipulator will work together sharing a common workspace and production activities leading to a potential increase of accident. The research project concerns the adaptation of industrial robot already installed in a flexible manufacturing system in order to make it more interactive with human. The aim concerns the reduction of potential risk of injuries while working with an industrial robot. This paper presents a new inexpensive, non-intrusive, non-invasive, and non-vision-based system, for human detection and collision avoidance. One method investigated for improving safety concerns planning of safe path. This system recognizes human activities and locates operator's position in real time through an instrumented safety helmet. This safety helmet includes an IMU (Inertial Measurement Unit) and an indoor localization system such as RSSI (Received Signal Strength Indication) using industrial wireless equipment. A hybrid workspace including a flexible manufacturing system has been designed in order to practice experiments in an industrial-like environment.

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“…We can differentiate three categories related to the safety improvements in human-robot interactions [10]. The first one is the ability of robot to detect and to avoid collisions.…”

Section: Related Workmentioning

confidence: 99%

Safer hybrid workspace using human-robot interaction while sharing production activities

Meziane

Otis

et al. 2014

2014 IEEE International Symposium on Robotic and Sensors Environments (ROSE) Proceedings

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“…However, the dangers associated with robots limit the potential benefits of operator/robot interaction. Moreover, despite stringent security procedures, accidents do occur [Vasic and Billard, 2013, Jiang and Gainer, 1987, Murashov et al, 2016. Collaborative robots are designed to interact with humans thanks to their lightweight structure, flexible links and compliant actuators [Bischoff et al, 2010].…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

An industrial security system for human-robot coexistence

Long

Chevallereau

Chablat

et al. 2017

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Purpose -The installation of industrial robots requires security barriers, a costly, time consuming exercise. Collaborative robots may offer a solution, however these systems only comply with safety standards if operating at reduced speeds. This paper describes the development and implementation of a novel security system that allows human robot co-existence while permitting the robot to execute much of its task at nominal speed. Design/methodology/approach -The security system is defined by three modes: a nominal mode, a coexistence mode and a gravity compensation mode. Mode transition is triggered by three lasers, two of which are mechanically linked to the robot. These scanners create a dynamic envelope around the robot and allow the detection of operator presence or environmental changes. To avoid velocity discontinuities between transitions we propose a novel time scaling method. Findings -The paper describes the system's mechanical, software and control architecture. The system is demonstrated experimentally on a collaborative robot and is compared with the performance of a state of art security system. Both a qualitative and quantitative analysis of the new system is carried out. Pratical Implications -The mode transition method is easily implemented, requires little computing power and leaves the trajectories unchanged. As velocity discontinuities are avoided, motor wear is reduced. The execution time is substantially less than a commercial alternative. These advantages can lead to economic benefits in high volume manufacturing environments. Originality/value -This paper proposes a novel system that is based on industrial material but that can generate dynamic safety zones for a collaborative robot.

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“…Safety (collision avoidance) is a continuing issue (Vasic & Billard, 2013). The greatest human factors research needs are in planning, teaching, display, control, and supervisor monitoring of automatic action.…”

Section: Human Supervisory Control Of Robots For Routine Industrial Tmentioning

confidence: 99%

Human–Robot Interaction

Sheridan

2016

Hum Factors

547

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Objective:The current status of human-robot interaction (HRI) is reviewed, and key current research challenges for the human factors community are described.Background: Robots have evolved from continuous human-controlled master-slave servomechanisms for handling nuclear waste to a broad range of robots incorporating artificial intelligence for many applications and under human supervisory control.Methods: This mini-review describes HRI developments in four application areas and what are the challenges for human factors research.Results: In addition to a plethora of research papers, evidence of success is manifest in live demonstrations of robot capability under various forms of human control.Conclusions: HRI is a rapidly evolving field. Specialized robots under human teleoperation have proven successful in hazardous environments and medical application, as have specialized telerobots under human supervisory control for space and repetitive industrial tasks. Research in areas of self-driving cars, intimate collaboration with humans in manipulation tasks, human control of humanoid robots for hazardous environments, and social interaction with robots is at initial stages. The efficacy of humanoid generalpurpose robots has yet to be proven.Applications: HRI is now applied in almost all robot tasks, including manufacturing, space, aviation, undersea, surgery, rehabilitation, agriculture, education, package fetch and delivery, policing, and military operations.

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Safety issues in human-robot interactions

Cited by 205 publications

References 27 publications

Safer hybrid workspace using human-robot interaction while sharing production activities

Safer hybrid workspace using human-robot interaction while sharing production activities

An industrial security system for human-robot coexistence

Human–Robot Interaction

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