Safety studies on an adenovirus recombinant vaccine for rabies (AdRG1.3-ONRAB®) in target and non-target species

Knowles, M. Kimberly; Nadin-Davis, Susan A.; Sheen, Mary; Rosatte, Rick; Mueller, Robert F.; Beresford, Andrew

doi:10.1016/j.vaccine.2009.08.005

Cited by 47 publications

(40 citation statements)

References 26 publications

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“…However, AdRG1.3 has been observed to remain stable through serial passage of infected lung tissue in the cotton rat (Sigmodon sp. ), one of the few species susceptible to human adenovirus infection (Knowles et al 2009a). Knowles et al (2009b) reported no adverse histologic effects for AdRG1.3 PCR-Southern Blot positives (18/1,280; 1.4%) and negative tissue samples obtained from experimental vaccinates or contact animals.…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

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SAFETY AND IMMUNOGENICITY OF ONTARIO RABIES VACCINE BAIT (ONRAB) IN THE FIRST US FIELD TRIAL IN RACCOONS (PROCYON LOTOR)

Slate

Chipman

Algeo

et al. 2014

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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ABSTRACT:In 2011, we conducted a field trial in rural West Virginia, USA to evaluate the safety and immunogenicity of a live, recombinant human adenovirus (AdRG1.3) rabies virus glycoprotein vaccine (Ontario Rabies Vaccine Bait; ONRAB) in wild raccoons (Procyon lotor) and striped skunks (Mephitis mephitis). We selected ONRAB for evaluation because of its effectiveness in raccoon rabies management in Ontario and Quebec, Canada, and significantly higher antibody prevalence rates in raccoons compared with a recombinant vaccinia-rabies glycoprotein (V-RG) vaccine, Raboral V-RGH, in US-Canada border studies. Raccoon rabies was enzootic and oral rabies vaccination (ORV) had never been used in the study area. We distributed 79,027 ONRAB baits at 75 baits/km 2 mostly by fixed-wing aircraft along parallel flight lines at 750-m intervals. Antibody prevalence was significantly higher at 49.2% (n5262) in raccoons after ONRAB was distributed than the 9.6% (n5395) before ORV. This was the highest antibody prevalence observed in raccoons by US Department of Agriculture Wildlife Services for areas with similar management histories evaluated before and after an initial ORV campaign at 75 baits/km 2 with Raboral V-RG. Tetracycline biomarker (TTCC) was significantly higher among antibodypositive raccoons after ONRAB baiting and was similar among raccoons before ORV had been conducted, an indication of vaccine-induced rabies virus-neutralizing antibody production following consumption of bait containing TTCC. Skunk sample size was inadequate to assess ONRAB effects. Safety and immunogenicity results supported replication of this field trial and led to a recommendation for expanded field trials in 2012 to evaluate safety and immunogenicity of ground-distributed ONRAB at 150 baits/km 2 in residential and commercial habitats in Ohio, USA and aerially distributed ONRAB at 75 baits/km 2 in rural habitats along US-Quebec border.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 96%

“…Individual raccoons on days 2, 3, and 4 and a Virginia opossum (Didelphis virginianus) on day 4 had qPCR values ,35, which are considered strong positives (Knowles et al 2009a). An additional nine raccoons and four opossums with .35 qPCR values ,40 were captured on days 1-4.…”

Section: Onrab Detection From Oral Swabs Post-orvmentioning

confidence: 99%

SAFETY AND IMMUNOGENICITY OF ONTARIO RABIES VACCINE BAIT (ONRAB) IN THE FIRST US FIELD TRIAL IN RACCOONS (PROCYON LOTOR)

Slate

Chipman

Algeo

et al. 2014

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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“…Recently, a new recombinant human adenovirus-rabies glycoprotein vaccine has been developed and used in Canada. 31 To continue evaluation of this vaccine in the United States, a field trial was conducted in West Virginia during September 2011. Approximately 80,000 baits containing this vaccine were distributed over 1,400 km 2 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Rabies surveillance in the United States during 2011

Blanton¹,

Dyer²,

McBrayer³

et al. 2012

javma

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Summary—During 2011, 49 states and Puerto Rico reported 6,031 rabid animals and 6 human rabies cases to the CDC, representing a 1.9% decrease from the 6,153 rabid animals and 2 human cases reported in 2010. Approximately 92% of reported rabid animals were wildlife. Relative contributions by the major animal groups were as follows: 1,981 raccoons (32.8%), 1,627 skunks (27.0%), 1,380 bats (22.9%), 427 foxes (7.1%), 303 cats (5.0%), 65 cattle (1.1%), and 70 dogs (1.2%). Compared with 2010, there was a substantial increase in the number of rabid skunks reported. Six cases of rabies involving humans were reported from California, Massachusetts, New Jersey, New York, and South Carolina. Three cases reported from Massachusetts, New Jersey, and New York were determined to be a result of canine rabies virus variants acquired outside the United States.

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“…Therefore, research was initiated to develop an oral vaccine capable of producing immunity in all three of the primary rabies host species (striped skunks, raccoons [Procyon lotor], and red foxes) in southern Ontario (Prevec et al, 1990;Charlton et al, 1992;LutzeWallace et al, 1995;Rosatte et al, 2009a;Yarosh et al, 1996). Rabies vaccine, live adenovirus vector (AdRG1.3), named ONRAB,H was developed and shown to be safe when administered orally to captive target and nontarget species (Knowles et al, 2009). During 2006 and 2007, the Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources (OMNR) field-tested ONRAB in southwestern Ontario at a variety of densities and seroconversion results indicated that the vaccine was efficacious in raccoons and skunks (Rosatte et al, 2009b).…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Our study focused on determining the feasibility of the aerial distribution of baits containing ONRAB oral rabies vaccine at high density to immunize and control Arctic-variant RV in striped skunks in Ontario. ONRAB has been extensively safety tested in the laboratory (Knowles et al, 2009) and there were very few human or companion-animal contacts with the vaccine after several million doses were distributed in Ontario during 2006-2010. Serology results from the 2009 field study high-density plot (300 baits/km 2 ) showed an improved immune response in skunks at narrower flight-line spacing for the cELISA cutoff value of $16% inhibition. The higher cutoff value of 26% inhibition reflected a marginally insignificant difference in antibody prevalence between flight-line spacings of 0.25 and FIGURE 2.…”

mentioning

confidence: 99%

High-Density Baiting with ONRAB® Rabies Vaccine Baits to Control Arctic-Variant Rabies in Striped Skunks in Ontario, Canada

Rosatte

Donovan

Davies

et al. 2011

Journal of Wildlife Diseases

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ABSTRACT:The Arctic variant of rabies virus has been maintained in striped skunks in small foci in southwestern Ontario, Canada, despite the control of the disease in red foxes. To control the disease in skunks, high-density baiting with ONRABH oral rabies vaccine baits was conducted by air and by hand distribution of baits in the vicinity of skunk cases. During 2009, antibody prevalences in skunks were higher in areas baited at a density of 300 baits/km 2 and flight-line spacing of 0.25 km than at 0.5-km spacing. Once an area containing Arctic-variant cases was treated with high densities of ONRAB baits, the disease did not reoccur in skunks in those areas. During 2009, only eight skunks were diagnosed with the Arctic variant of rabies virus in Ontario.

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Safety studies on an adenovirus recombinant vaccine for rabies (AdRG1.3-ONRAB®) in target and non-target species

Cited by 47 publications

References 26 publications

SAFETY AND IMMUNOGENICITY OF ONTARIO RABIES VACCINE BAIT (ONRAB) IN THE FIRST US FIELD TRIAL IN RACCOONS (PROCYON LOTOR)

SAFETY AND IMMUNOGENICITY OF ONTARIO RABIES VACCINE BAIT (ONRAB) IN THE FIRST US FIELD TRIAL IN RACCOONS (PROCYON LOTOR)

Rabies surveillance in the United States during 2011

High-Density Baiting with ONRAB® Rabies Vaccine Baits to Control Arctic-Variant Rabies in Striped Skunks in Ontario, Canada

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