Saline Venous Injection in Cases of Malignant Cholera, Performed While in the Vapour-Bath.

Which intravenous fluid for the surgical patient?

“…These small-solute molecules are able to diffuse freely between fluid compartments. Crystalloids represent the original and the oldest form of intravenous fluid therapy [14].…”

“…Inappropriate fluid therapy is associated with increased complications, tissue oedema, delayed wound healing, fluid overload, kidney and other organ dysfunction, coagulation abnormality and excessive transfusion [1][2][3][4][5][6][7][8][9][10][11][12][13]. Despite over 175 years of experience with intravenous fluids [14], many of the traditional beliefs held around this therapy are not based on robust scientific evidence, and many controversies remain: type and composition of fluid; indication for fluid therapy; resuscitation goals and endpoints. A recent report into perioperative care suggested that 20% of hospitalized adults receive inappropriate fluid therapy [15].…”

Vaba, Haiza, Kholera, Foklune or Cholera: in any language still the disease of seven pandemics

“…Comatose patients could be revived by throwing pepper in the eyes or by holding red‐hot irons to the soles of the feet – enough to waken anyone. In 1832, the Scot Dr Thomas Latta published the method of fluid replacement by intravenous injection of a saline solution (Latta 1831–2, 1832–3a, b). Even the War Office ‘Memoranda on Medical Diseases’ prepared under War conditions recommended fairly primitive treatments for cholera: ‘ treat the promonitory diarrhoea by giving half an ounce of castor oil with a teaspoonful of brandy … as it clears the bowel of irritating material ’ and ‘ keep the patient warm and apply turpentine stupes to the abdomen ’ (HMSO 1941).…”

Fluid Therapy in the ICU—Useful or Useless Practices?*

“…Two centuries ago, Latta (1) administered what is considered the first IV saline infusions in severely ill cholera patients. In his remarks published in The Lancet, he summarized:…”