Salinity stress, nitrogen competition, and facilitation: what controls seasonal succession of two opportunistic green macroalgae?

Fong, Peggy; Boyer, Katharyn E.; Desmond, Julie; Zedler, Joy B.

doi:10.1016/s0022-0981(96)02630-5

Cited by 77 publications

(45 citation statements)

References 38 publications

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“…Ulva spp. are also fast-growing macroalgae that are proliferating in coastal waters worldwide (Sfriso et al 1989(Sfriso et al , 1993Campbell 2001;Fong et al 1996). These algae have been shown to use rapid uptake and assimilation of nutrients, and high growth rates to efficiently take advantage of available nutrients in the water column (Bjornsater and Wheeler 1990;Borum 1996, 1997;Teichberg 2007).…”

Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

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Macrophyte Abundance in Waquoit Bay: Effects of Land-Derived Nitrogen Loads on Seasonal and Multi-Year Biomass Patterns

Fox

Stieve

Valiela

et al. 2008

Estuaries and Coasts

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Anthropogenic inputs of nutrients to coastal waters have rapidly restructured coastal ecosystems.To examine the response of macrophyte communities to land-derived nitrogen loading, we measured macrophyte biomass monthly for six years in three estuaries subject to different nitrogen loads owing to different land uses on the watersheds. The set of estuaries sampled had nitrogen loads over the broad range of 12 to 601 kg N ha -1 y -1 . Macrophyte biomass increased as nitrogen loads increased, but the response of individual taxa varied. Specifically, biomass of Cladophora vagabunda and Gracilaria tikvahiae increased significantly as nitrogen loads increased. The biomass of other macroalgal taxa tended to decrease with increasing load, and the relative proportion of these taxa to total macrophyte biomass also decreased. The seagrass, Zostera marina, disappeared from the higher loaded estuaries, but remained abundant in the estuary with the lowest load. Seasonal changes in macroalgal standing stock were also affected by nitrogen load, with larger fluctuations in biomass across the year and higher minimum biomass of macroalgae in the higher loaded estuaries. There were no significant changes in macrophyte biomass over the six years of this study, but there was a slight trend of increasing macroalgal biomass in the latter years. Macroalgal biomass was not related to irradiance or temperature, but Z. marina biomass was highest during the summer months when light and temperatures peak. Irradiance might, however, be a secondary limiting factor controlling macroalgal biomass in the higher loaded estuaries by restricting the depth of the macroalgal canopy. The relationship between the bloom-forming macroalgal species, C. vagabunda and G. tikvahiae, and nitrogen loads suggested a strong connection between development on watersheds and macroalgal blooms and loss of seagrasses. The influence of watershed land uses largely Fox et al. 3 overwhelmed seasonal and inter-annual differences in standing stock of macrophytes in these temperate estuaries.

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Section: Resultsmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…Ulva spp. are also opportunistic macroalgae that are proliferating in coastal waters worldwide (Sfriso et al 1989;Campbell 2001;Fong et al 1996).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Macrophyte Abundance in Waquoit Bay: Effects of Land-Derived Nitrogen Loads on Seasonal and Multi-Year Biomass Patterns

Fox

Stieve

Valiela

et al. 2008

Estuaries and Coasts

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“…Increased rainfall is expected in southeastern and southern Brazil, Paraguay, Uruguay, Argentina and some regions of Bolivia (Scherner et al 2013), leading to a change in the abiotic factors of aquatic ecosystems, including salinity. Fluctuations in salinity can change the density of water, nutrient uptake, and osmotic Débora Tomazi Pereira, Carmen Simioni, Elisa Poltronieri Filipin, Fernanda Bouvie, Fernanda Ramlov, Marcelo Maraschin, Zenilda Laurita Bouzon and Éder Carlos Schmidt pressure in plant cells (Lobban et al 1994;Fong et al 1996), leading to significant physiological and biochemical stress for algae, such as changes in growth rate, photosynthetic performance, morphology, and germination in the green microalga Nannochloropsis salina (Bartley et al 2013) and thalli of the red algae Pterocladiella capillacea (Felix et al 2014), Stylonema alsidii (Stylonematophyceae) (Nitschke et al 2014), and Kappaphycus alvarezii (Mandal et al 2015). For red algae spores treated with different salinity, the development of the Gelidium floridanum was inhibited under hyposaline conditions, but only delayed under hypersaline conditions (Filipin et al 2016).…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Effects of salinity on the physiology of the red macroalga, Acanthophora spicifera (Rhodophyta, Ceramiales)

et al. 2017

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Salinity is an important abiotic factor since it is responsible for the local and/or regional distribution of algae. In coastal regions, salinity changes with prevailing winds, precipitation and tide, and particularly in extreme intertidal conditions. Acanthophora spicifera is a red seaweed that occurs in the supratidal region in which changes in abiotic conditions occur frequently. Th is study evaluated the eff ects of salinity on the metabolism and morphology of A. spicifera. Algae were acclimatized under culture conditions with sterilized seawater for seven days. Experiments used diff erent salinities (15 to 50 psu) for seven days, followed by metabolic analyses. Th is study demonstrates that extreme salinities aff ect physiological parameters of A. spicifera, such as decrease in growth rate, as well as morphological parameters and concentrations of secondary metabolites. Acanthophora spicifera exhibited high tolerance to 25 to 40 psu, with little change in physiology, which favors the occurrence of this species in diverse environments. However, 15, 20, 45 and 50 psu were the most damaging and led to loss of biomass, depigmentation of apices, and the highest concentrations of antioxidant metabolites. Th e 50 psu treatment caused the greatest changes in general, greatly reducing a biomass and chlorophyll content, and facilitating the presence of endophytes.

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“…Seasonal changes in dominant species or species composition have often been observed in green tides worldwide (Pregnall & Rudy, 1985;Rivers & Peckol, 1995;Fong et al, 1996;Pihl et al, 1996). In some cases, environmental shifts or catastrophic events caused absolute replacement of dominant species .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…However, recent developments in species discrimination techniques using DNA markers have enabled determination of the broad diversity of Ulva species forming green tides (Hiraoka et al, 2002(Hiraoka et al, , 2004bShimada et al, 2003;Kawai et al, 2007). Furthermore, green tides are often constituted of several dominant species with different eco-physiological characteristics (Fong et al, 1996;Pihl et al, 1996Pihl et al, , 1999Hernández et al, 1997;Nelson et al, 2003). Such green tides are considered to exhibit different ecological characteristics and impacts, i.e., different seasonal occurrences compared with green tides formed of a single species.…”

Section: Introductionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Persistent occurrence of floating Ulva green tide in Hiroshima Bay, Japan: seasonal succession and growth patterns of Ulva pertusa and Ulva spp. (Chlorophyta, Ulvales)

Yoshida

Uchimura²,

Hiraoka

2015

Hydrobiologia

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Since the late 1980's, a persistent green tide of floating Ulva without any clear seasonal fluctuation has occurred in Hiroshima Bay, Seto Inland Sea, Japan. We hypothesized that the persistence is due to the co-existence of Ulva species with different seasonal growth patterns, and monitored the seasonal composition and growth characteristics of the constituent Ulva within the green tide. Two morphological types of Ulva were identified, and one type, U. pertusa, was almost the sole constituent during winter and spring. The other type Ulva spp., which has marginal microscopic serrations on the thallus, was dominant during summer and autumn. Both Ulva showed the highest relative growth rate in early autumn, but growth of Ulva spp. was faster in summer than that of U. pertusa and inhibited in winter. U.pertusa had more eurythermal characteristics in which the growth rate remained relatively high in winter. Water temperature was the most correlated environmental variable for the seasonal growth of both Ulva types rather than light or nutrients, but more influential on Ulva spp. Recent increasing trend of ambient seawater temperature is considered to be favorable for the growth of both Ulva types and a causative factor of the green tide.

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Salinity stress, nitrogen competition, and facilitation: what controls seasonal succession of two opportunistic green macroalgae?

Cited by 77 publications

References 38 publications

Macrophyte Abundance in Waquoit Bay: Effects of Land-Derived Nitrogen Loads on Seasonal and Multi-Year Biomass Patterns

Macrophyte Abundance in Waquoit Bay: Effects of Land-Derived Nitrogen Loads on Seasonal and Multi-Year Biomass Patterns

Effects of salinity on the physiology of the red macroalga, Acanthophora spicifera (Rhodophyta, Ceramiales)

Persistent occurrence of floating Ulva green tide in Hiroshima Bay, Japan: seasonal succession and growth patterns of Ulva pertusa and Ulva spp. (Chlorophyta, Ulvales)

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