Salinity Tolerance in Olive

Salt stress induction of some key antioxidant enzymes and metabolites in eight Iranian wild almond species

“…For instance, in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana, mutants lacking one or both cytosolic and chloroplastic APX, involved mainly in H 2 O 2 removal, were found to be more tolerant to salt stress (Mittler et al 2004). Among woody plants, species able to cope with arid and semi-arid environments, such as olive and some Prunus species, showed higher activities of antioxidant enzymes and are able to up-regulate antioxidant systems under adverse conditions (Scebba et al 2001;Gucci and Tattini 1997;Guerfel et al 2009;Sofo et al 2010;Sorkheh et al 2011).…”

“…For example, woody plants have been generally reported as relatively salt tolerant during seed germination and reproductive stage, but as sensitive during the emergence and young seedling stages (Najafian 2008). Stone fruit trees, including apricot (Prunus armeniaca L.), plum (P. domestica L.) and peach (P. persica L.), are particularly sensitive to salinity (Gucci and Tattini 1997;Rains and Goyal 2003). As the use of interspecific hybrids as a rootstock for a number of stone fruits is strongly recommended, the selection of salt tolerant genotypes for hybridization can be extremely important.…”

“…Although a wide range of biochemical and physiological adaptations, including oxidative defense system s to face saline conditions, have been observed in a number of crop species, little information is available in the literature on the underlying mechanisms of salt-induced oxidative stress in cultivated and economically important fruit trees (Gucci and Tattini 1997). Thus, the major objective of the present study was to measure various antioxidants and metabolites in eight genetically different wild almond species, and to understand whether the changes of these biochemical parameters could be related to their degree of salt tolerance.…”

Five-year growth and yield response of two young olive cultivars (Olea europaea L., cvs. Arbequina and Empeltre) to soil salinity

“…For this reason, it is essential to analyze the response of crops on the basis of measured soil salinity (ECe) rather than on the basis of targeted irrigation water salinity (ECiw). However, many studies dealing with olive salinity tolerance are based on ECiw rather than on ECe or other soil salinity attributes (Aragüés et al 2004;Chartzoulakis 2005;Gucci and Tattini 1997), raising concerns on the validity and extrapolation of results. In our work, the mean ECe in T10 (11.2 dS m −1 ) was relatively close to the target ECiw of 10 dS m −1 , whereas the mean ECe values in T4 (6.1 dS m −1 ) and T2 (4.3 dS m −1 ) were substantially higher than the target ECiw of 4 and 2 dS m −1 , respectively.…”

“…However, existing data on the effects of salinity on growth and yield of olive are scarce, especially for long-term experiments under field conditions (Aragüés et al 2005;Cimato et al 2010;Gucci and Tattini 1997;Melgar et al 2009;Wiesman et al 2004). Olive is considered moderately tolerant to salinity, with threshold ECe values (dS m −1 ) that vary among authors: 4-6 (Bernstein 1964), 3-6 (Maas and Hoffman 1977), 1.2-2.5 (Hassan et al 2000), 2.7 (Soltanpour andFollet 2001), and 4.0 (Aragüés et al 2004).…”