Salivary and serum interleukin-17A and interleukin-18 levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with and without periodontitis

Techatanawat, Suteera; Surarit, Rudee; Chairatvit, Kongthawat; Khovidhunkit, Weerapan; Roytrakul, Sittiruk; Thanakun, Supanee; Kobayashi, Hiroaki; Khovidhunkit, Siribang-on Piboonniyom; Izumi, Yuichi

doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0228921

Cited by 25 publications

(13 citation statements)

References 43 publications

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“…Despite this function being co-aligned with the pathophysiology of PD (biofilm challenge in the periodontal pocket), in reality, the relationship between IL-17A and PD remains complex and unclear, with evidence to suggest both protective and destructive effects 65 . Previous cross-sectional studies assessing local production of IL-17A in the gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) and saliva have been largely incolclusive, with some studies reporting higher levels in PD 66 , 67 , whilst others find higher levels in PH 68 , 69 . Another study reported elevated levels in localised PD compared with generalised PD and PH, suggesting that IL-17A may peak in early gingival inflammation rather than established periodontitis 70 .…”

Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical biofilm disruption causes microbial and immunological shifts in periodontitis patients

Johnston

Rosier

Artacho

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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Periodontitis is characterized by subgingival biofilm dysbiosis, inflammation and tissue destruction. Current treatment involves mechanical biofilm disruption known as non-surgical periodontal therapy (NSPT). This study sought to characterise the impact of treatment on microbial diversity and overall community, and the parallel impact on host inflammation in the oral cavity. Fourty-two periodontitis patients were included in this study, with periodontal clinical parameters, subgingival plaque and saliva samples collected at baseline and 90 days after treatment. Salivary cytokines were quantified, and subgingival plaque was analysed using 16S rRNA sequencing. After treatment, there were marked health-associated alterations in microbial composition and diversity, including differential abundance of 42 genera and 61 species. These changes were accompanied by substantial clinical improvement (pockets ≥ 5 mm, 27.50% to 9.00%, p < 0.001) and a decrease in salivary IL-1β (p < 0.001)—a putative marker of periodontal inflammation. Despite significant reductions in disease associated anaerobes, several genera (Fusobacterium, Prevotella, Tanenerella, Treponema) remained present and formed a distinct subnetwork associated with residual disease. Collectively, this study shows that current periodontal treatment results in partial restoration of a healthy microbial ecosystem, but features of biofilm dysbiosis and host inflammation remain in some patients, which were surprisingly independent of clinical response.

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Section: Discussionmentioning

confidence: 99%

Mechanical biofilm disruption causes microbial and immunological shifts in periodontitis patients

Johnston

Rosier

Artacho

et al. 2021

Sci Rep

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“…Salivary levels of IL-18 were found to be 5-fold higher in patients with periodontitis than healthy ones (Banu et al 2015). In another recent study, salivary IL-18 levels were not different between patients with and without periodontitis; however, salivary IL-18 was positively associated with fasting plasma glucose, and serum IL-18 levels were correlated with HbA 1C (Techatanawat et al 2020).…”

Section: Il-18mentioning

confidence: 91%

IL-1 Superfamily Members and Periodontal Diseases

et al. 2020

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Periodontitis is a complex, multifactorial chronic disease involving continuous interactions among bacteria, host immune/inflammatory responses, and modifying genetic and environmental factors. More than any other cytokine family, the interleukin (IL)–1 family includes key signaling molecules that trigger and perpetuate periodontal inflammation. Over the years, the IL-1 family expanded to include 11 members of cytokines, some with agonist activity (IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-18, IL-33, IL-36α, IL-36β, and IL-36γ), receptor antagonists (IL-1Ra, IL-36Ra), and 2 anti-inflammatory cytokines (IL-37, IL-38). The IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1Ra) has emerged as a pivotal player in the defense against periodontitis. IL-33 primarily induces the production of Th2-associated cytokines but acts as an “alarmin” via stimulation of mast cells. The IL-36 subclass of cytokines may be important in regulating mucosal inflammation and homeostasis. IL-37 suppresses innate and acquired immune responses. IL-38 is the most recent member of the IL-1 superfamily and has anti-inflammatory properties similar to those of IL-37 but through different receptors. However, limited evidence exists regarding the role of IL-37 and IL-38 in periodontitis. Despite the development of IL-1 blocking agents, therapeutic blockade of select IL-1 family members for periodontitis has only been partially investigated in preclinical and clinical research, while the development of IL-37 and IL-38 as novel anti-inflammatory drugs has not been considered adequately. Here, we review the key properties of the IL-1 family members and provide insights into targeting or promoting select cytokines as new therapeutic agents.

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“…The studies included were conducted in India, 2,19-25 Brazil, [26][27][28] Ukraine, 29 Iran, 30 Indonesia, 31 and Thailand. 32 All the articles were published in English, except the Ukrainian study, which was translated into English using the DeepL online translator (Köln, Germany) before the analysis was performed.…”

Section: Location Of the Studiesmentioning

confidence: 99%

“…21,22,29 The appropriate statistical analysis was not detailed in four studies. 21,22,29,31 Among the studies evaluated, nine were classified as high quality, 2,19,20,23,[25][26][27][28]32 four, as low quality, 21,22,24,29 and two, as medium quality. 30,31 The risk of bias assessments can be accessed at https:// osf.io/a53bc/files/.…”

Section: Data Analysis and Presentationmentioning

confidence: 99%

Expression of inflammatory mediators in periodontitis and T2D patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

et al. 2022

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Salivary and serum interleukin-17A and interleukin-18 levels in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with and without periodontitis

Cited by 25 publications

References 43 publications

Mechanical biofilm disruption causes microbial and immunological shifts in periodontitis patients

Mechanical biofilm disruption causes microbial and immunological shifts in periodontitis patients

IL-1 Superfamily Members and Periodontal Diseases

Expression of inflammatory mediators in periodontitis and T2D patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis

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